Router Handoff: An Approach for Preemptive Route Repair in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

2012 IEEE Symposium on Wireless Technology and Applications (ISWTA)

et al. 2012

in cognitive radio (CR), CR users or also known as secondary users (SUs) are considered as "visitors" to the licensed spectrum. During the case when the primary user (PU) claims the band of the spectrum that is occupied by the SU, the SU's ongoing call must be transferred to another unused spectrum band. The variation in spectrum band is called spectrum mobility. Spectrum mobility leads to a new handoff in cognitive radio networks, namely spectrum handoff, in which the SUs handover their spectrum band and continue their ongoing calls on an unused spectrum band with different frequency upon the appearance of the PU. In this paper, we investigate a new concept of integrated handoff management in mobile cognitive radio Ad hoc networks (CR-MANET), along with a conceptual framework, its connections and related handoff algorithm.

“…The link availability time can simply be calculated based on the received signal strength of the hello packets. In [7], the link available time is calculated based on (15):…”

Section: Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proactive integrated handoff management in CR-MANETs: A conceptual model

2012 IEEE Symposium on Wireless Technology and Applications (ISWTA)

et al. 2012

“…This scheme introduced the consideration of user mobility and location information. Abhilash et al [19] proposed a preemptive route maintenance scheme in which an established route is repaired before it breaks by considering the mobile ad hoc user's location information. They called this scheme local router handoff and implemented it into the ad hoc on-demand distance vector protocol (AODV).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum overlapping area is 1.23R T 2 . In a topology where nodes are uniformly distributed over the network area, the following condition guarantees the presence of at least ɳ nodes in the overlapping area [19]:…”

Section: Su Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of routing and spectrum handoff in CR-MANETs

et al. 2014

J Wireless Com Network

There is an extensive research interest in cognitive radio mobile ad hoc networks (CR-MANETs) to improve the spectrum efficiency by developing innovative design techniques through various layers of the protocol stacks. This paper presents the optimisation of CR-MANETs by exploiting the efficient usage of the available wireless spectrum through a framework for spectrum-aware handoff. In this paper, the concept of integrated handoff management in CR-MANETs is considered. An analytical model for a spectrum handoff scheme is introduced based on spectrum mobility in which secondary users (SUs) will move to another unused spectrum band, giving priority to a Primary User (PU), while satisfying its communication quality of service (QoS). The main contribution is using the Markov chain to model the evolution of the network (node position, node speed, channel quality, etc.) and to propose the combined spectrum handoff and routing. The performance of the network is analyzed based on the Markov chain. The comparison results from both analytical modelling and simulation clearly show an improvement in the performance of the SU network in terms of the route maintenance probability and the SU throughput. It is also proved that not only the PU activity affects the performance of the handoff management scheme but also the channel transmission range and the node mobility have a significant effect on the performance of the management scheme.

“…This scheme introduced the consideration of user mobility and location information. Abhilash et al [11] proposed a preemptive route maintenance scheme in which an established route is repaired before it breaks by considering the mobile ad hoc user's location information. They called this scheme local router handoff and implemented it into the Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector protocol (AODV).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on (27), to estimate the availability time, relative speed of the nodes is determined. The authors of [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] have employed the SU's mobility to predict the availability time for cognitive radio networks. However, they estimate the link availability time using relative movement information such as relative speed and relative direction of the communicating nodes.…”

Section: Channel and Link Usage Time Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proactive integrated handoff management in cognitive radio mobile ad hoc networks

et al. 2013

J Wireless Com Network

In cognitive radio networks, the secondary users (SUs) switch the data transmission to another empty spectrum band to give priority to primary users (PUs). In this paper, channel switching in cognitive radio mobile ad hoc networks (CR-MANETs) through an established route is modeled. The probability of channel availability in this route is calculated based on the PU's activity, SU's mobility, and channel heterogeneity. Based on the proposed model, the channel and link availability time are predicted. These predictions are used for channel assignment in the proposed channel allocation scheme. A handoff threshold as well as a life time threshold is used in order to reduce the handoff delay and the number of channel handoffs originating from the short channel usage time. When the channel handoff cannot be done due to the SU's mobility, the local flow handoff is performed to find an appropriate node in the vicinity of a potential link breakage and transfer the current data flow to it. The local flow handoff is performed to avoid possible flow disruption and also to reduce the delay caused by the link breakage. The study reveals that the channel heterogeneity and SU's mobility must be considered as important factors, which affect the performance of the handoff management in the CR-MANETs. The results emphasize on the improvement of the route maintenance probability after using the local flow handoff. It is also stated that the amounts of handoff requirement and handoff delay are decreased after using the predicted channel usage life time and handoff threshold time.