Routes to diagnosis and missed opportunities in the detection of renal cancer

Bradley, Andrew J.; Maskell, Giles; Mannava, Amoolya; Pollard, Adam; Welsh, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.crad.2020.11.005

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It’s a truism that the more we look the more we’ll find, and it’s equally true that more imaging affords an ever greater number of opportunities for us to get things wrong. As an example, a recent study found that when a careful review was undertaken, around one in six patients with a diagnosis of kidney cancer had an image somewhere on file showing at least part of the tumour at an earlier date than when it was recognised 1. This is not the same as saying that it could or should have been recognised earlier—just that, knowing the site and characteristics of the tumour later identified, it’s there to be seen in hindsight.…”

Section: Perception and Hindsightmentioning

confidence: 99%

The curse of the priors when interpreting scans

Maskell¹

2021

BMJ

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Section: Perception and Hindsightmentioning

confidence: 99%

The curse of the priors when interpreting scans

Maskell¹

2021

BMJ

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“…The global incidence of RCC has been increasing by 2% per year over the last two decades (3), and it is estimated that this trend will continue in the future (4). Since this cancer type exhibits silent progression and late manifestation, the majority of cases are identified incidentally (5,6), and patients with a metastatic form of RCC represent 35-50% of new diagnoses (7). Despite the new pharmacological treatment possibilities, these patients have markedly low survival rates; the 5-year survival rate for patients in the advanced stages of ccRCC is estimated to be <12% (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Vargová,

Dargaj,

Dohál

et al. 2024

Oncol Lett

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Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the third most common type of urological malignancy worldwide, and it is associated with a silent progression and late manifestation. Patients with a metastatic form of ccRCC have a poor prognosis; however, when the disease is diagnosed early, it is largely curable. Currently, there are no biomarkers available in clinical practice for ccRCC. Thus, the aim of the present study was to measure 27 biologically relevant cytokines in preoperative and postoperative urine samples, and in preoperative plasma samples from 34 patients with ccRCC, and to evaluate their diagnostic significance. The concentrations of cytokines were assessed by multiplex immune assay. The results showed significantly higher levels of IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6, IL-15, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)2, CCL3, CCL4, C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)10, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), and lower levels of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in urine samples from patients prior to surgery compared with those in the controls. Notably, the urine levels of G-CSF, IL-5 and vascular endothelial growth factor differed following tumor removal compared with the preoperative urine levels. In addition, urinary G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-6, CXCL10, CCL5 and PDGF-BB appeared to be potential markers of tumor grade. Plasma from patients with ccRCC contained significantly higher levels of IL-6 and lower levels of CCL2 than control plasma. In conclusion, the present findings indicated that urinary and circulating cytokines may represent a promising novel tool for the early diagnosis of ccRCC and/or prediction of tumor grade.

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“…As most cases of RCC do not present with clinical manifestations, at present, the diagnosis is mostly incidental following medical imaging procedures performed for investigating other conditions [4,7]. Nonetheless, although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) seem to have a superior diagnostic performance for RCC compared to single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) [8], imaging techniques fail to detect, globally, more than one-third of potential RCC diagnoses [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Tumor Cells as Biomarkers for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Ready for Prime Time?

Couto-Cunha

Jerónimo

Henrique

2022

Cancers

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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is among the 15 most common cancers worldwide, with rising incidence. In most cases, this is a silent disease until it reaches advance stages, demanding new effective biomarkers in all domains, from detection to post-therapy monitoring. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) have the potential to provide minimally invasive information to guide assessment of the disease’s aggressiveness and therapeutic strategy, representing a special pool of neoplastic cells which bear metastatic potential. In some tumor models, CTCs’ enumeration has been associated with prognosis, but there is a largely unexplored potential for clinical applicability encompassing screening, diagnosis, early detection of metastases, prognosis, response to therapy and monitoring. Nonetheless, lack of standardization and high cost hinder the translation into clinical practice. Thus, new methods for collection and analysis (genomic, proteomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic and metabolomic) are needed to ascertain the role of CTC as a RCC biomarker. Herein, we provide a critical overview of the most recently published data on the role and clinical potential of CTCs in RCC, addressing their biology and the molecular characterization of this remarkable set of tumor cells. Furthermore, we highlight the existing and emerging techniques for CTC enrichment and detection, exploring clinical applications in RCC. Notwithstanding the notable progress in recent years, the use of CTCs in a routine clinical scenario of RCC patients requires further research and technological development, enabling multimodal analysis to take advantage of the wealth of information they provide.

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Routes to diagnosis and missed opportunities in the detection of renal cancer

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

The curse of the priors when interpreting scans

The curse of the priors when interpreting scans

Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Circulating Tumor Cells as Biomarkers for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Ready for Prime Time?

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