Routine Highway Bridge Inspection Condition Documentation Accuracy and Reliability

Phares, Brent; Washer, Glenn; Rolander, D D; Graybeal, Benjamin A.; Moore, Mark E.

doi:10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2004)9:4(403)

Cited by 239 publications

(91 citation statements)

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“…The average age of these structurally deficient bridges is over 65 years, which well exceeds the average service life of 50 years for those structures (Davis et al, 2013). In an effort to monitor the state of bridges, the federal highway administration currently mandates periodic inspection of all bridges which typically done through visual inspection (National Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS), 1996; Phares et al, 2004). However, this has been found to be inefficient and unreliable as it is prone to human errors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this has been found to be inefficient and unreliable as it is prone to human errors. Phares et al looked at the accuracy and reliability of these routine bridge inspections and found that 56% of average condition ratings are incorrect with a probability of 95% (Phares et al, 2004). Because civil infrastructure, such as bridges, roads, dams, and buildings plays a crucial role in the socio-economic life and development of a country, there is a need for reliable methods to assess the condition of structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normalized Curvature Ratio for Damage Detection in Beam-Like Structures

Kliewer

Glišić

2017

Front. Built Environ.

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Fiber Optic Sensors (FOS) offer numerous advantages for structural health monitoring. In addition to being durable, lightweight, and capable of multiplexing, they offer the ability to monitor strain in both static and dynamic mode. FOS also allow for instrumentation of large areas of a structure with long-gage sensors which helps enable global monitoring of the structure. Drawing upon these benefits, the Normalized Curvature Ratio (NCR), a curvature based damage detection method, has been developed. This method utilizes a series of long-gage Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) strain sensors for damage detection of a structure through dynamic strain measurements and curvature analysis. The main assumption is that the ratios between cross-sectional curvature amplitudes under free vibration remain unchanged given the state of the structure is unchanged. The theoretical development of this method is presented along with an analytical study of a simply supported beam with two damage cases: a loss of flexural stiffness in the span and a change in rotational stiffness of the support. Validation of the method is then performed through two implementations. First, through a small-scale laboratory test with a simply supported aluminum beam subjected to a change in the rotational stiffness of the support. Second, the method is applied to an existing in-service highway overpass with over 5 years of data collection of dynamic strain events. The advantages and limitations of the method are identified and discussed. This research shows encouraging results and the potential for the NCR to be used as a simplistic metric for damage detection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normalized Curvature Ratio for Damage Detection in Beam-Like Structures

Kliewer

Glišić

2017

Front. Built Environ.

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“…Therefore, it is of great significance to identify the optimal placement of precast bridge deck slabs with respect to precast girders to minimize the mismatches between shear pockets and shear connectors. However, precast components are currently manually inspected by certified inspectors using traditional tools such as measuring tapes, which is time-consuming, expensive, and subjective [3]. Hence, it is necessary to develop techniques that can automatically and accurately assess the dimensional quality of precast components such as precast bridge deck slabs and precast girders for estimating the optimal placement of precast bridge deck slabs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Placement of Precast Bridge Deck Slabs with Respect to Precast Girders using LiDAR

Yoon¹,

Wang²,

Sohn³

2017

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC)

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-Many bridges have been constructed using precast components because they offer faster production, lower cost, and more efficient construction compared to conventional in-situ construction. For coupled behavior of bridges slabs and girders, shear pockets on the deck slabs and shear connectors on the girders need to be properly connected. However, precast girders can be easily deformed once they are placed on sites because of their heavy weights, time dependent effects of creep and shrinkage, pre or post tensioning, etc. Once the girders are deformed, shear pockets and shear connectors may no longer match properly. This study proposes a technique which can automatically identify mismatches between shear connectors and shear pockets using LiDAR and identify the optimal placement of precast deck slabs with respect to precast bridge connectors. First, precast bridge deck slabs and precast girders are scanned using a LiDAR. Then, unnecessary noise data are removed using a DBSCAN-based algorithm. Afterwards, the dimensional features such as locations and sizes of shear pockets and shear connectors are estimated from the point cloud data, respectively. Finally, the optimal placement of deck slabs is identified to minimize the mismatches between shear pockets and shear connectors using the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) method. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, an experiment was conducted on a real precast girder. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique can effectively and efficiently estimate the optimal placement of deck slabs with respect to precast girders.

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“…First, important details can be missed, misinterpreted, or field measurements and calculations can be incorrect during the inspection. Second, visual inspections and reports may not be as thorough as required (Kempton et al, 2001;Menches et al, 2008;Phares et al, 2001). Finally, interpretation of the reports and overall results of the inspection can vary (Kempton et al, 2001;Menches et al, 2008;Phares et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Laser Scanners for Detecting Cracks for Post-Earthquake Damage Inspection

Anil

Akinci²,

Garrett³

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the 30th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction and Mining (ISARC 2013): Building Th

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Objective, accurate, and fast assessment of damage to buildings after an earthquake is crucial for timely remediation of material losses and safety of occupants of buildings. Laser scanners are promising sensors for collecting geometrical data regarding the damaged states of buildings, as they are able to provide high coverage and accuracy at long ranges. Yet, we have limited knowledge on the performance of laser scanners for detecting earthquake damage, and requirements of such data collection. This paper focuses on characterizing the performance of laser scanners for detecting thin cracks for damage assessment of reinforced concrete frames. We identified a series of crack parameters based on the state-of-the-art damage assessment codes and standards. Similarly, we identified parameters, which affect the performance of laser scanners for detecting cracks, based on prior research in this area. We studied the width, depth, and orientation of cracks; sampling interval of the scanner, and the range of the laser beam from the surface. Effects of these parameters on the detection of the minimum crack size were determined in an experimental setting. An automated algorithm was used to analyze the data. The results show that it is possible to detect as small as ~1mm cracks.

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Routine Highway Bridge Inspection Condition Documentation Accuracy and Reliability

Cited by 239 publications

References 0 publications

Normalized Curvature Ratio for Damage Detection in Beam-Like Structures

Normalized Curvature Ratio for Damage Detection in Beam-Like Structures

Optimal Placement of Precast Bridge Deck Slabs with Respect to Precast Girders using LiDAR

Characterization of Laser Scanners for Detecting Cracks for Post-Earthquake Damage Inspection

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