Routine Screening for Callosal Dysgenesis in the Second Trimester Is Achievable With Intensive Training

Lavender, Ilona; Coombs, Peter; Haltren, Keith Van; Robinson, A.

doi:10.7863/ultra.15.05069

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The sonographers had not yet been taught the acoustic windows to image the fetal brain structure or the transducer movements to identify the fetal structure. Therefore, the research by Lavender et al 24 provides the first identifiable evidence in ultrasound that supports the theoretical tenet that the creation of a mental schema is an antecedent step to be able to recall and execute the skill safely and efficiently. Credentials are not a replacement for sound pedagogical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…For example, when new multi-planar transducer movements are first being acquired, they must first be taught, learned and then consolidated. 13,23 Research by Lavender et al 24 found that sonographers with (variable) skill proficiency required additional clinical skill education and training to be able to image the fetal corpus callosum in the sagittal plane using 2D imaging, at the 18-20-week gestational age morphology scan. The sonographers had not yet been taught the acoustic windows to image the fetal brain structure or the transducer movements to identify the fetal structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Push and pull factors impacting the pedagogical approaches used by sonographers to teach scanning skills

Nicholls

Sweet

Hyett

et al. 2020

Australas J Ultrason Med

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Objective: To report the qualitative findings of the inaugural survey of sonographer skill-teaching practices in Australia using the SonoSTePs tool. Method: A national cross-sectional survey of all qualified sonographers registered with the Australian Sonographer Accreditation Registry. A mix of quantitative and qualitative data was collected. This paper reports on a content analysis of the qualitative data relating to factors that impact on teaching. Results: A total of 528 respondents provided a range of qualitative data in five extended text questions. Five key themes emerged from the analysis: limited protected teaching time; perceived skill complexity; learner skill level and credentials; avoiding overwhelming the learner; and patient well-being and their willingness to be scanned. Novel teaching interactions between the educator and the student sonographer were identified. Information was provided to learners at four time-points across the continuum of clinical practice performance. The type, quantity and purpose of the information provided by the educator to the learner differed at each of these four time-points and included the following: (i) pre-task clarification, guidance and practice norms; (ii) in-task verbal information and scanning support; (iii) post-task support and information; and (iv) end-task or terminal feedback. Conclusion: This is the first published study which reports the push and pull factors affecting pedagogical approaches to teach and learn complex scanning skills. These results provide a corpus of new knowledge, and the first analysis and review, about the pedagogical findings related to teaching scanning skills for clinical practice. This study provides a basis for further research and practice improvements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Push and pull factors impacting the pedagogical approaches used by sonographers to teach scanning skills

Nicholls

Sweet

Hyett

et al. 2020

Australas J Ultrason Med

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“…7 Multiple investigators have reported on the appearance and size of the normal corpus callosum; however, it requires intensive training to accomplish routinely. [8][9][10] Indirect signs may be absent in 60% to 80% of fetuses before 24 weeks' gestation; Paladini et al 3 showed that ventriculomegaly may only be present in 26.5% of cases and colpocephaly in 20.6%. In addition, a midline cystic structure, or cavum-like structure, has been described as present in 58% of cACC cases, increasing the chances of missed diagnoses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the new 2019 AIUM "Practice Parameter for the Performance of Detailed (High risk) Second‐ and Third‐ Trimester Diagnostic Obstetric Ultrasound Examinations,” the corpus callosum can be evaluated but is not required 7 . Multiple investigators have reported on the appearance and size of the normal corpus callosum; however, it requires intensive training to accomplish routinely 8–10 . Indirect signs may be absent in 60% to 80% of fetuses before 24 weeks' gestation; Paladini et al 3 showed that ventriculomegaly may only be present in 26.5% of cases and colpocephaly in 20.6%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum in Fetuses

Ghassemi

Rupe

Perez

et al. 2020

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives-We hypothesized that: (1) fetal frontal horn (FH) morphology and their proximity to the cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) can assist in suspecting complete agenesis of the corpus callosum (cACC) and partial agenesis of the corpus callosum (pACC) earlier than known indirect ultrasound (US) findings; (2) FHs assist in differentiating a true CSP from a pseudocavum; and (3) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in learning FH morphology and pseudocavum etiology. Methods-Thirty-two patients with cACC and 9 with pACC were identified on an Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective review. Of the 41 cases, 40 had prenatal US, and 21 had prenatal MRI; 17 had follow-up neonatal US, and 14 had follow-up neonatal MRI. Variables evaluated retrospectively were the presence of a CSP or a pseudocavum, ventricle size and shape, and FH shape (comma, trident, parallel, golf club, enlarged, or fused). Displacement between the inferior edge of the FH and the midline or cavum/pseudocavum was measured. Results-Fetal FHs had an abnormal shape in 77% ≤20 weeks' gestation, 86% ≤24 weeks, and 90% >24 weeks. Frontal horns were laterally displaced greater than 2 mm in 85% ≤20 weeks, 91% ≤24 weeks, and 95% >24 weeks. The CSP was absent in 100% of cACC cases and 78% of pACC cases, and a pseudocavum was present in 88% of cACC cases and 78% of pACC cases across gestation. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed US pseudocavums to be focal interhemispheric fluid or an elevated/dilated third ventricle. Conclusions-Frontal horns assist in assessing ACC ≤24 weeks and throughout gestation. Pseudocavums, often simulating CSPs, are common in ACC. Frontal horn lateral displacement and abnormal morphology, recognized by MRI correlations, are helpful in differentiating a pseudocavum from a true CSP. A normal CSP should not be cleared on screening US unless normally shaped FHs are seen directly adjacent to it. Key Words-agenesis of the corpus callosum; cavum septi pellucidi; fetus; frontal horns; ventriculomegaly A genesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is defined as complete or partial absence of the large commissure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres. Development

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Abnormalities Associated With the Cavum Septi Pellucidi on Fetal MRI: What Radiologists Need to Know

Nagaraj

Calvo-Garcia

Kline‐Fath

2018

American Journal of Roentgenology

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The CSP is an essential part of the CNS evaluation on second-trimester US; if its normal appearance cannot be confirmed by 20 weeks' gestational age, further evaluation is warranted. Fetal MRI, in either the second or third trimester, has become an important tool in further characterization of the associated abnormalities. However, when fetal MRI is not possible, postnatal MRI can also be used and will help to differentiate primary from secondary absence and will aid in providing prognostic information and therapeutic options for patients.

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Routine Screening for Callosal Dysgenesis in the Second Trimester Is Achievable With Intensive Training

Abstract: Assessing the corpus callosum in the sagittal view is difficult and requires appropriate training and patience; however, this view is feasible without adding substantial time to the examination and provides additional information during a routine second-trimester morphologic scan.

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Push and pull factors impacting the pedagogical approaches used by sonographers to teach scanning skills

Push and pull factors impacting the pedagogical approaches used by sonographers to teach scanning skills

Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum in Fetuses

Abnormalities Associated With the Cavum Septi Pellucidi on Fetal MRI: What Radiologists Need to Know

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