Roux-en-Y gastric bypass increases hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus

He, Bing; Chen, Li; Yu, Chun Shu; Piao, Dongxu; Wang, Yong; Han, Ping

doi:10.1016/j.soard.2013.09.019

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Total liver weight may be unchanged, but liver fat content typically decreases after RYGB (56,57). The reduction in hepatic steatosis after RYGB may be related to changes in key signaling pathways that control hepatic lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation (106), as well as to changes in the mitochondrial function in hepatocytes (105).…”

Section: Clinical Effect 1: Body Weight Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiology underlying Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a status report

Lutz

Bueter

2014

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Lutz TA, Bueter M. The physiology underlying Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a status report. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 307: R1275-R1291, 2014. First published September 24, 2014 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00185.2014.-Obesity and its related comorbidities can be detrimental for the affected individual and challenge public health systems worldwide. Currently, the only available treatment options leading to clinically significant and maintained body weight loss and reduction in obesity-related morbidity and mortality are based on surgical interventions. This review will focus on two main clinical effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), namely body weight loss and change in eating behavior. Animal experiments designed to understand the underlying physiological mechanisms of these post-gastric bypass effects will be discussed. Where appropriate, reference will also be made to vertical sleeve gastrectomy. While caloric malabsorption and mechanical restriction seem not to be major factors in this respect, alterations in gut hormone levels are invariably found after RYGB. However, their causal role in RYGB effects on eating and body weight has recently been challenged. Other potential factors contributing to the RYGB effects include increased bile acid concentrations and an altered composition of gut microbiota. RYGB is further associated with remarkable changes in preference for different dietary components, such as a decrease in the preference for high fat or sugar. It needs to be noted, however, that in many cases, the question about the necessity of these alterations for the success of bariatric surgery procedures remains unanswered.Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; vertical sleeve gastrectomy; gut hormones; restriction; malabsorption; energy expenditure THE OBESITY EPIDEMIC AND ITS related comorbidities constitute a major challenge for both personal health and public health systems worldwide. The enormous increase in knowledge about the physiological mechanisms that control eating and body weight contrasts with the lack of available pharmacological therapies leading to safe, efficient, and long-lasting body weight reductions and amelioration of obesity-related comorbidities. However, recent insights into underlying mechanisms of obesity and bariatric surgery have led to promising perspectives in respect to gut hormone-based strategies against obesity. Nevertheless, best results for maintained weight reduction and improvement of comorbidities are still achieved by surgical means (22,88,121,135,136). This review aims to summarize key findings in respect to underlying physiological mechanisms of the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) procedure, which is the most commonly performed bariatric operation worldwide and thus, by many is considered as the gold standard in bariatric surgery. Sporadic reference will also be made to vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) when appropriate. Both operations reduce eating at least temporarily (19,140,143) and lead to changes in food preferences (20,27,72). The majority of data collected with...

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Section: Clinical Effect 1: Body Weight Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiology underlying Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a status report

Lutz

Bueter

2014

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Similarly, Nannipieri et al (48) showed that insulin sensitivity effects were sustained in patients 45 days after RYGB. In accordance with these human studies, in a rodent model of RYGB, He et al (49) reported a decrease in basal insulin levels and an improvement in hepatic insulin sensitivity 2 weeks after RYGB. Interestingly, increased insulin sensitivity in muscle was not observed until 4 weeks after surgery.…”

Section: Morphological Changes After Rygb and Its Effects On Glycemic...mentioning

confidence: 56%

Regulation of Energy Homeostasis After Gastric Bypass Surgery

Yarmush

D'Alessandro

Saeidi

2017

Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng.

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The obesity epidemic continues to escalate each year in the United States more than anywhere else in the world. The existing pharmaceutical and other nonsurgical treatments for morbid obesity produce suboptimal physiologic outcomes compared with those of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. RYGB has been the gold standard of bariatric surgery because the beneficial long-term outcomes, which include sustainable weight loss and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) resolution, are far superior to those obtained with other bariatric surgeries. However, the current understanding of RYGB's mechanisms of actions remains limited and incomplete. There is an urgent need to understand these mechanisms as gaining this knowledge may lead to the development of innovative and less invasive procedures and/or medical devices, which can mirror the favorable outcomes of RYGB surgery. In this review, we highlight current observations of the metabolic and physiologic events following RYGB, with a particular focus on the role of the anatomical reconfiguration of the gastrointestinal tract after RYGB.

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“…In an animal experiment, He et al (2014) divided Sprague–Dawley rats into four groups, diabetic RYGB ( n = 18), diabetic RYGB sham ( n = 6), diabetic ( n = 6), and nondiabetic control ( n = 6). The diabetic RYGB group had significant decreases in weight, fat mass, and food intake.…”

Section: Mechanism For Weight Loss and T2dm Remissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significantly increased IS and decreased lipid content in muscle were not detected until 4 weeks after surgery. They concluded that RYGB increases hepatic and peripheral IR through reduced lipid content of hepatocytes and skeletal muscle cells in rats with T2DM ( He et al, 2014 ). Hepatic IS was ameliorated because of reduced hepatic lipid accumulation by upregulating short-term hepatic autophagy after RYGB surgery in type 2 diabetic rats ( He et al, 2013 , 2015 ).…”

Section: Mechanism For Weight Loss and T2dm Remissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic surgery in China: present and future

Bao

2021

Journal of Molecular Cell Biology

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Obesity and its related complications comprise a serious public health problem worldwide, and obesity is increasing in China. Metabolic surgery is a new type of treatment with unique advantages in weight loss and obesity-related metabolic complications. The pathogenesis of obesity is complex and not yet fully understood. Here, we review the current efficacy and safety of metabolic surgery, as well as recent progress in mechanistic studies and surgical procedures in China. The exciting and rapid advances in this field provide new opportunities for patients with obesity and strike a balance between long-term effectiveness and safety.

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Roux-en-Y gastric bypass increases hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

The physiology underlying Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a status report

The physiology underlying Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a status report

Regulation of Energy Homeostasis After Gastric Bypass Surgery

Metabolic surgery in China: present and future

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