RPL Objective Function Impact on LLNs Topology and Performance

Brachman, Agnieszka

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40316-3_30

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Elnaz et al [51] formulated a transmission power control technique to reduce power consumption and Barbato et al [52] exploit the node energy status and the node's position in the network. Brachman et al [53] provide the analysis of the OF0 and link quality OF (LLQ OF). The OF0 minimizes the hop count while LLQ OF uses link quality metric derived from the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value to maintain the network stability.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks for heterogeneous traffic network

Musaddiq

Zikria

Zulqarnain

et al. 2020

J Wireless Com Network

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a real network deployment, the diverse sensor applications generate a heterogeneous traffic pattern which may include basic sensing measurements such as temperature readings or high-volume multimedia traffic. In a heterogeneous traffic network, the two standardized objective functions (OFs), i.e., objective function zero (OF0) and the Minimum Rank with Hysteresis Objective Function (MRHOF) for routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) perform poor routing decisions by selecting an already congested parent node and cause more retransmissions across the network. Therefore, careful consideration is required in designing a new OF for heterogeneous traffic scenarios. In this study, we examine the RPL protocol under a heterogeneous traffic pattern and proposed a new protocol based on queue and workload-based condition (QWL-RPL). The aim of the proposed protocol is to achieve a reliable path with better overall performance. The proposed OF model considers the link workload in addition to mapping the congestion status of the node using the packet queue. We implement the proposed routing model in the Contiki operating system (OS) Cooja environment to compare with the existing technique. The simulation results show that QWL-RPL can improve the performance of a heterogeneous traffic network as compared with both OF0 and MRHOF, specifically in terms of the amount of overhead, packets reception ratio (PRR), average delay, and jitter. Final results indicate that on average, there is a 5%-30% improvement in PRR, 25%-45% reduction in overheads, 12%-30% reduction in average delay, and 20%-40% reduction in jitter.The Internet of Things (IoT) is a large system of interconnected heterogeneous devices to sense our physical environment and communicate the sensed information. Each sensor detects its vicinity and transmits the sensed information to the sink node via its neighboring nodes using multihop communication [1]. The practical applications of such a system include smart cities [2] [3], industrial and building automation, disaster management [4], smart grid, and smart healthcare [5]. A sensor discovers its neighbors, builds the topology, and routes the sensed data. An IoT system requires an efficient networking mechanism to facilitate such an interconnected heterogeneous flow of traffic. An efficient routing mechanism must consider these device characteristics and constrained resources. Furthermore, the IoT sensors usually face unfavorable environmental factors. Thus, designing of such routing protocols is a complicated task due to the resource limitations of these devices, such as limited energy, limited memory, and limited processing power [6]. For any pair of communicating nodes, a reasonable goal for such a protocol is to improve communication performance while maintaining energy consumption at a minimum level. However, achieving this goal requires careful consideration of the lossy nature of the network, fluctuating traffic patterns, varying link qualities, routing loops, and convergence time [7].Several rou...

show abstract

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks for heterogeneous traffic network

Musaddiq

Zikria

Zulqarnain

et al. 2020

J Wireless Com Network

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In [6], the authors tested both OF0 and the Link Quality Level Objective Function (LLQ OF). LLQ OF is based on the link quality metric, indicated by Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) depending on the distance between communicating nodes.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Hierarchy Process Multi-Metric Objective Function for RPL

Alayed

Mackenzie

Pezaros

2018

2018 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL), is based on building an acyclic graph where an Objective Function (OF) is responsible for selecting the preferred parent during Destination Oriented Directed Acyclic Graph (DODAG) construction. In this paper, we propose a new multi-metric OF based on Analytical Hierarchy Processes decision masking algorithm. AHP-OF, combines a set of routing metrics aiming to provide the best routing decision for RPL to satisfy the different application requirements for LLNs such as reliable applications, real time applications and highly available applications. Here we focus on the theoretical aspect of AHP-OF, and finally we evaluate the performance of AHP-OF compared to other OFs using Cooja simulator.

show abstract

“…Researchers try to define and develop a good IoT architecture e.g. [10], and how the devices will connect with and between platforms e.g. [11].…”

Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Secure gateway for Internet of Things with internal AAA mechanism

Samociuk

Adamczyk

2017

Theor. Appl. Inform.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, we describe secure gateway for Internet of Things (IoT) devices with internal AAA mechanism, implemented to connect IoT sensors with Internet users. Secure gateway described in this paper allows to (1) authenticate each connected device, (2) authorise connection or reconfiguration performed by the device and (3) account each action. The same applies to Internet users who want to connect, download data from or upload data to an IoT device. Secure Gateway with internal AAA mechanism could be used in Smart Cities environments and in other IoT deployments where security is a critical concern. The mechanism presented in this paper is a new concept and has been practically validated in Polish national research network PL-LAB2020.

show abstract

RPL Objective Function Impact on LLNs Topology and Performance

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

Routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks for heterogeneous traffic network

Routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks for heterogeneous traffic network

Analytical Hierarchy Process Multi-Metric Objective Function for RPL

Secure gateway for Internet of Things with internal AAA mechanism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About