A ruthenium-catalyzed C−H activation and a concomitant [4+2] annulation of sulfoxonium ylide with maleimide have been demonstrated. This tandem reaction results in the formation of fused benzo[e]isoindole-1,3,5-trione. The method employs mild conditions and is free of metal oxidants. The reaction pathway predominantly involves protodemetalation over β-hydride elimination due to the lack of syn β-hydrogens.