Rubber, 3. Synthetic

Threadingham, Desmond; Obrecht, Werner; Lambert, Jean Pierre; Happ, M.; Oppenheimer-Stix, Christiane; Dunn, J. R.; Krüger, Ralf; Brandt, Heinz-Dieter; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Rooney, Nicola; LaFlair, Ronald T.; Wolf, Ute U.; Duffy, John; Puskás, Judit E.; Wilson, G. J.; Meisenheimer, Hermann; Steiger, Roland; Marbach, André; Diedrich, Klaus M.; Ackermann, Jürgen; Wrobel, Dieter; Hoffmann, Uwe; Thomas, Hans Dieter; Engehausen, Rüdiger; Pask, Stephen D.; Buding, Hartmuth; Ostrowicki, Andreas; Stollfuss, Bernd

doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_239

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 294 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Plastics' wastes pose an important threat for environment as with other consumed materials. Recycling of plastics' wastes has great importance for both economy and environment [1][2][3][4]. EPDM rubber is an elastomer which is characterized by wide range of applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Waste EPDM and Polypropylene Mixtures

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Automotive sector was considered as a sector since polypropylene was often used with ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) as a mixture. EPDM rubber is characterized by wide range of applications. The aim of this study is to investigate the reusability of EPDM wastes. 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt% ground EPDM powders were mixed with polypropylene (PP) matrix by extrusion method. Test specimens were prepared out of those mixtures by injection moulding. Tensile, the Izod impact, hardness, density, heat deflection, and the Vicat softening point tests were performed on the specimens. Tensile strength, force at break, E modulus, hardness, heat deflection and the Vicat softening temperature values decreased with the increasing ground EPDM content in polypropylene matrix. However, the Izod impact and elongation at break values increased.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Waste EPDM and Polypropylene Mixtures

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

3D numerical investigations of the effect of fill factor on dispersive and distributive mixing of rubber under non‐isothermal conditions

Ahmed

Chandy

2018

Polymer Engineering & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three-dimensional, non-isothermal, transient computational fluid dynamics simulations are conducted for rubber mixing with a set of two-wing rotors in a partially filled chamber. The main objective is to analyze the effect of different fill factors of rubber on dispersive and distributive mixing characteristics by simulating 15 revolutions of the rotors rotating at 20 rpm. 60%, 70%, 75%, and 80% are the four different fill factors chosen for the study. An Eulerian multiphase model is employed to simulate two different phases, rubber and air, and the volume of fluid technique is used to calculate the free surface between two phases, in addition to the continuity, momentum and Energy equations. To characterize non-Newtonian, highly viscous rubber, shear rate and temperature dependent Carreau-Yasuda model has been used. A set of more than 3,600 massless particles are injected after a certain period of time to calculate several quantities in terms of dispersive and distributive mixing. Both the Eulerian and Lagrangian results showed that, fill factors between 70% and 80% presented the most reasonable and efficient mixing scenario, thus exhibiting the best dispersive and distributive mixing characteristics combined. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:535-546, 2019.

show abstract

The exploration of the inverse vulcanization mechanism of tung oil by controlling the oxygen and moisture presence during reactions

Lyu

2023

Polymers and Polymer Composites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inverse vulcanization is a cost-effective method for producing high sulfur-content copolymers by combining elemental sulfur with organic monomers, which has rapidly gained popularity due to its simplicity of synthesis and wide range of applications. Although numerous examples of sulfur-rich copolymers have been synthesized at different reaction rates and temperatures using various monomers, the precise reaction mechanism remains unclear. In this paper, we used tung oil containing conjugated triene as a monomer to synthesize sulfur-rich copolymers under six different reaction conditions and investigate the effects of oxygen and moisture. Our study, which employed DSC, XRD, 1H NMR, and XPS characterization methods, revealed that oxygen accelerated the reaction rate and decreased the free sulfur content of the products, while moisture shortened the gel times but increased the free sulfur content. These findings confirm that reverse vulcanization involves two simultaneous mechanisms: the free radical mechanism and the anion mechanism. With regard to the radical mechanism, we discuss the source, ease, and reactivity of radicals and show that the creation of radicals depends on the second monomer rather than sulfur. Tung oil not only acts as a comonomer in the reaction but also plays an initiating role in promoting the dissociation of sulfur chains to generate free radicals for addition of non-conjugated double bonds. The effect of the anion mechanism exceeds that of the radical mechanism once certain factors are stimulated, such as the presence of metal ions and sulfide ions. Understanding the detailed mechanisms involved in inverse vulcanization is essential for selecting optimal monomers, which can enhance not only the synthesis process but also the properties of sulfur-rich materials.

show abstract

Rubber, 3. Synthetic

Cited by 3 publications

References 294 publications

Investigation of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Waste EPDM and Polypropylene Mixtures

Investigation of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Waste EPDM and Polypropylene Mixtures

3D numerical investigations of the effect of fill factor on dispersive and distributive mixing of rubber under non‐isothermal conditions

The exploration of the inverse vulcanization mechanism of tung oil by controlling the oxygen and moisture presence during reactions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About