Rudist formations in mixed siliciclastic-carbonate depositional environments, Upper Cretaceous, Austria: stratigraphy, sedimentology, and models of development

Sanders, Diethard; Pons, Jose Maria

doi:10.1016/s0031-0182(98)00186-2

Cited by 62 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In contrast , the pore and canal system of hippuritids is well adapted for filtering [4]. The pore system acted as a sieve allowing only the finer particles to enter the hippuritid ; this highly modified suspension feeding system permitted hippuritids to prosper in environments exposed to siliciclastic sedimentation [7,9,16,17,18]. …”

Section: The Pore and Canal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A notable exception has been described by Schumann [22] in Central Oman. In this area, the large shells of Vaccinites vesiculosus (Woodward) form monospecific congregations of large number of individuals, extending over areas up to 100 km', The aggregative habit of hippuritids was expressed in different degrees: from two/three individuals attached together, making a small bouquet, to hundreds of clustered individuals building up large congregations [16,23,17,24,25,26,7,18,27,28 among others] (Plate 11, fig. 3).…”

Section: Hippuritid Shell Form and Growth Habitmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Hippuritids for Interpreting Carbonate Platform Environments

Gili

2003

North African Cretaceous Carbonate Platform Systems

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Hippuritid rudists have a highly inequivalve shell, with the conical to cylindrical attached valve capped by an operculiform free valve. Variations in oxygen and isotopic composition of hippuritid shells indicate that they recorded valuable information about their life histories, growth patterns and changes in ambient water temperatures. The elaborated system of pores and canals in the free valve for access to feeding currents allowed them to occupy environments with siliciclastic as well as carbonate sedimentation.Hippuritids were sediment-dwellers that grew with their shells partially embedded in, and supported by the surrounding sediment, which implies that they occupied calm to moderate energy environments with interrupted to continuous sedimentation. This mode of growth permitted hippuritids continued upward growth of the entire commissure. In case of toppling, hippuritids had the faculty of resuming their upward growth by geniculated growth . The morphological characters and life habits of hippuritids have shown to be a useful tool for interpreting their depositional environment.

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Section: The Pore and Canal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hippuritid Shell Form and Growth Habitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Hippuritids for Interpreting Carbonate Platform Environments

Gili

2003

North African Cretaceous Carbonate Platform Systems

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“…Although frequently referred to as characteristic Cretaceous reef-builders, the growth fabrics formed by elevator rudist bivalves have been shown to be predominantly sediment-supported (Gill et al 1995;Sanders & Pons 1999). Typical features of rudist formations such as rapid vertical growth associated with sediment baffling, the 30 THOMAS STEUBER production of significant amounts of calcareous sediment by either mechanical or bioerosive breakdown of shells, the lack of bound, waveresistant growth fabrics, as well as the production of large amounts of biodeposits (faeces and pseudofaeces) suggest several feedbacks between these organisms and their environment.…”

Section: Organism-environment Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In environments with low turbulence where these biodeposits were not removed, their accumulation probably induced anoxic conditions at the sediment surface. This precluded the settlement of rudist larvae, and explains why other epibenthic organisms are frequently rare or absent in many rudist communities (Sanders &Pons 1999;Steuber 1999b). The exclusion of other organisms is common in modern mussel beds, and benthic communities are impoverished below suspended cultures of Mytilus on hanging long lines (Asmus 1987).…”

Section: Organism-environment Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such associations were, however, always endangered by mechanical destruction by storms, or by migrating bioclastic bars, resulting in short-term sedimentation rates which could not be matched by vertical growth (Gili & Skelton 1999). In fact, associations of vertically growing shells preserved in situ are commonly overlain by sheets of bioclastic deposits (Skelton et al 1995;Sanders & Pons 1999).…”

Section: Organism-environment Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Skeletal growth rates of Upper Cretaceous rudist bivalves: implications for carbonate production and organism-environment feedbacks

Steuber

2000

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Abstract:The skeletal growth rates of late Cretaceous rudist bivalves have been inferred from cyclic variations of isotopic and chemical compositions which are found in sclerochronological profiles of outer shell layers. Annual shell accretion of 11 studied shells from different environmental settings was in the range of less than 10 to 54 mm. CaCO3 production of individual rudists was calculated to range from 12 to 214 g a -1, and estimates of annual production of rudist communities assuming dense growth fabrics range from 4.6 to 28.5 kg m -2. These production rates are not significantly higher when compared to modern mussel or oyster beds but, in contrast to modern analogues, rudist associations were much more important for the sedimentary budget of low-latitude shallow-water depositional environments.Controlling factors for the formation of growth fabrics and carbonate production are evaluated in a case study of rudist formations from a single depositional sequence. From turbulent outer platform environments to lagoonal inner platform settings, a decrease both in carbonate production and size of shells was found among specimens of a single species. No differences in carbonate production are evident when carbonate production in siliciclastic and calcareous environments is compared. Potential feedbacks between rudists and their environment induced by vertical growth, large production of bioclastic sediment and ejected biodeposits are discussed.Carbonate platforms were particularly widespread during the late Cretaceous (Philip et al.

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Larger benthic and planktonic biostratigraphy and facies of Albian sediments in Coastal Fars Zone (Zagros area, south‐west Iran)

et al. 2021

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A total of 64 samples were collected from the Kazhdumi Formation (Albian) of south Zagros Basin (Coastal Fars Zone) in order to study the biostratigraphy and analyse the lithofacies. Stratigraphic distribution of identified larger benthic and planktonic foraminifers has confirmed the presence of three successive biozones: Mesorbitolina subconcava‐Orbitolina discoidea Zone, Favusella washitensis Zone followed by an upper Conicorbitolina conica‐Mesorbitolina parva Zone. Generally, orbitolinids are well developed in the Albian succession in the studied section, whereas the stratigraphic distribution of planktonic foraminifers is more restricted, dominating the Favusella washitensis Zone. Nevertheless, microscopic investigation recognizes five microfacies consisting of extraclast‐foraminifer packstone, peloid‐intraclast Orbitolina wackestone, foraminiferal plankton wackestone, intraclast‐Orbitolina grainstone, and coral‐rudist wackestone, which indicated a shallow water carbonates palaeoenvironment (intertidal, lagoon, bar) and open marine. The alternation of both planktic and benthic foraminifera through the Kazhdumi Formation confirms a rapid transgression and regression in the studied section during Albian time, which is attributed to Kazerun basement fault behaviour in the mentioned time interval.

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Rudist formations in mixed siliciclastic-carbonate depositional environments, Upper Cretaceous, Austria: stratigraphy, sedimentology, and models of development

Cited by 62 publications

References 48 publications

Use of Hippuritids for Interpreting Carbonate Platform Environments

Use of Hippuritids for Interpreting Carbonate Platform Environments

Skeletal growth rates of Upper Cretaceous rudist bivalves: implications for carbonate production and organism-environment feedbacks

Larger benthic and planktonic biostratigraphy and facies of Albian sediments in Coastal Fars Zone (Zagros area, south‐west Iran)

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