RuII-Polypyridine Complexes Covalently Linked to Electron Acceptors as Wires for Light-Driven Pseudorotaxane-Type Molecular Machines

Ashton, Peter R.; Ballardini, Roberto; Balzani, Vincenzo; Constable, Edwin C.; Credi, Alberto; Kocian, Oldrich; Langford, Steven J.; Preece, Jon A.; Prodi, Luca; Schofield, Emma R.; Spencer, Neil; Stoddart, J. Fraser; Wenger, Sabine

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-3765(19981204)4:12<2413::aid-chem2413>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 102 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…To control this function by light excitation, a ''light-fueled'' motor (19) (i.e., a photosensitizer) has been incorporated in the wire (Fig. 4a) (20) or in the macrocyclic ring (Fig. 4b) (21) of pseudorotaxanes based on donor͞acceptor interactions.…”

Section: Photochemically Driven Piston͞cylinder Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled disassembling of self-assembling systems: Toward artificial molecular-level devices and machines

Balzani

Venturi

2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Section: Photochemically Driven Piston͞cylinder Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled disassembling of self-assembling systems: Toward artificial molecular-level devices and machines

Balzani

Venturi

2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The first attempts aimed at exploiting photoinduced electron transfer to bring about large-amplitude controllable molecular motions involved the light-driven threading-dethreading of pseudorotaxane-type complexes [73][74][75][76][77][78]. On the basis of the experience gained with some of these model systems [76], the bistable rotaxane 3 6+ ( Figure 5) was specifically designed [79] to achieve photoinduced ring shuttling in solution.…”

Section: Molecular Shuttles Based On Photoinduced Electron Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular machines operated by light

Venturi

2008

Open Chemistry

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Abstract:The bottom-up construction and operation of machines and motors of molecular size is a topic of great interest in nanoscience, and a fascinating challenge of nanotechnology. Researchers in this field are stimulated and inspired by the outstanding progress of molecular biology that has begun to reveal the secrets of the natural nanomachines which constitute the material base of life. Like their macroscopic counterparts, nanoscale machines need energy to operate. Most molecular motors of the biological world are fueled by chemical reactions, but research in the last fifteen years has demonstrated that light energy can be used to power nanomachines by exploiting photochemical processes in appropriately designed artificial systems. As a matter of fact, light excitation exhibits several advantages with regard to the operation of the machine, and can also be used to monitor its state through spectroscopic methods. In this review we will illustrate the design principles at the basis of photochemically driven molecular machines, and we will describe a few examples based on rotaxane-type structures investigated in our laboratories. © Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin

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“…Second generation photochemically driven piston/cylinder systems have then been designed, in which the pseudorotaxane structure incorporates [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ as a "lightfueled motor" in the wire (Figure 8(b)) [20] or in the macrocyclic ring (Figure 8(c)) [21]. In deaerated solution excitation of [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ with visible light in the presence of a sacrificial donor causes, in both cases, permanent reduction of the electron-acceptor unit and, as a consequence, dethreading takes place.…”

Section: Intramolecular Photosensitizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial molecular‐level machines with [Ru(bpy)3]2+ as a “light‐fueled motor”

Ballardini¹,

Balzani

Gandolfi

et al. 2001

International Journal of Photoenergy

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Abstract.A molecular-level machine is an assembly of a discrete number of molecular components (that is, a supramolecular structure) designed to perform mechanical-like movements (output) as a consequence of appropriate external stimuli (input). Like macroscopic machines, molecular-level machines are characterized by (i) the kind of energy input supplied to make them work, (ii) the kind of movement performed by their components, (iii) the way in which their operation can be controlled and monitored, (iv) the possibility to repeat the operation at will and establish a cyclic process, (v) the time scale needed to complete a cycle of operation, and (vi) the function performed. The most convenient way to supply energy to an artificial molecular-level machine is through a photochemical reaction. [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) can be used as a photosensitizer to power mechanical movements in machines based on pseudorotaxanes, rotaxanes and catenanes. Besides being used as an external photosensitizer, [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ can be incorporated in one of the machine components as a "light-fueled" motor. Three types of photochemically driven piston/cylinder systems and a photocontrollable molecular abacus are described. Other kinds of more sophisticated molecular-level machines based on rotaxanes and catenanes are proposed. The extension of the concept of machine to the molecular level is important not only for the sake of basic research, but also for the growth of nanoscience and the development of nanotechnology.

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RuII-Polypyridine Complexes Covalently Linked to Electron Acceptors as Wires for Light-Driven Pseudorotaxane-Type Molecular Machines

Abstract: An investigation has been performed on the design of light-driven, pseudorotaxane-type, mechanical molecular machines based on wires made up of an electron-transfer photosensitizer covalently linked to an electron acceptor.

Cited by 102 publications

References 17 publications

Controlled disassembling of self-assembling systems: Toward artificial molecular-level devices and machines

Controlled disassembling of self-assembling systems: Toward artificial molecular-level devices and machines

Molecular machines operated by light

Artificial molecular‐level machines with [Ru(bpy)3]2+ as a “light‐fueled motor”

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