Rules of engagement: The role of emotional display rules in delivering conservation interpretation in a zoo-based tourism context

Wijeratne, Aaron; Dijk, Pieter Andrew Van; Kirk-Brown, Andrea; Frost, Lionel

doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2013.11.012

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…subsection on Interpretation and visitation) should be trained to display positive emotion or even passion to strengthen the connection between geoheritage features and conservation messages (Wijeratne, Van Dijk, Kirk-Brown, & Frost, 2014). This can echo visitors' feelings of nature's powers and human inferiority to establish stronger connections and affection for geoheritage.…”

Section: Guiding Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling Hong Kong Geopark experience with visitor-employed photography method

Fung

Jim

2015

Applied Geography

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Section: Guiding Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling Hong Kong Geopark experience with visitor-employed photography method

Fung

Jim

2015

Applied Geography

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“…However, zoos' programs have yet to demonstrate strong, lasting impacts on their visitors' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward conservation as a result of single visits or brief interactions (Storksdieck, Ellenbogen, & Heimlich, ). Zoos have visitors from diverse demographics, attend in different group contexts, and have different motivations and expectations for their visit (Povey & Rios, ).The emphasis of conservation as a primary role of zoos requires shifting design and delivery of interpretive and engagement strategies, different from the past focus on education and entertainment (Wijeratne, Van Dijk, Kirk‐Brown, & Frost, ). Additionally, while some have found too many messages to be problematic and cause decision fatigue (Schwartz, ), Smith, Weiler, Smith, and van Dijk () evaluated conservation fatigue in zoo visitors and found that numerous calls to action for conservation in the zoo were not perceived to be excessive by the visitors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing biodiversity conservation through behavior change strategies

Maynard

Monroe

Jacobson

et al. 2020

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Most modern threats to biodiversity are due to human actions. Conservation psychology models provide tools to strategically change human behaviors to reduce these threats; however, behavior change theories have yet to be fully incorporated into conservation strategic planning techniques. The public that may be interested in a conservation issue are often untapped resources to expand a conservation organization's limited reach. Increased public participation could fill a gap between an organization's objectives and the scope of what is feasible for limited staff or budget. This study presents an expanded framework for biodiversity conservation strategic planning using conservation behaviors. Some conservation organizations, such as zoos and aquariums, have access to extensive audiences that could be mobilized to take-action to directly reduce threats to biodiversity or indirectly support others' efforts. To test our expanded planning framework, we evaluated the current status of conservation behavior change techniques used by zoos, which are increasingly identifying as conservation organizations. We used the framework to measure whether zoos are providing conservation behavior opportunities to their audiences of millions. The framework consisting of 12 behaviors nested within five categories includes behaviors in the public and private spheres. We tested the framework using content analyses of 211 zoo's websites across North America, sampled from the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. The methods elicited 2,187 conservation projects for the sample, only 32% of which provided any form of conservation behavior change opportunities to the zoo audiences. We present the range and frequency of conservation behavior strategies in zoos, revealing their current strengths as conservation organizations and opportunities for improved audience activation. The results demonstrate the value of integrating the conservation behavior change framework into biodiversity conservation strategic planning for conservation

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“…In addition, multiple authors also recommend inviting emotions into interpretation (Ballantyne, Packer, & Falk, 2011;Ballantyne et al, 2007;Hughes, 2012;Ingham, 2000;Latham, 2013;Martin, 2011;Smith, 1999;Wijeratne et al, 2014). Recognizing the importance of emotion in effective communication is nothing new: Aristotle's formulation of rhetoric saw persuasive communications engaging with three kinds:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past decades, interpretation has been slowly moving from having an education-and knowledge-based epistemological foundation to a more constructivist and visitor-oriented foundation. As the instrumental knowledge-based view of interpretation is being questioned, there is an abundance of literature encouraging more holistic interpretation, i.e., reaching out to visitors through the affective and connative domains, in addition to the cognitive domain (Ballantyne, Packer, & Falk, 2011;Ballantyne, Packer, Hughes, & Dierking, 2007;Beck & Cable, 2011;Davidson & Black, 2007;Hughes, 2012;Hunter, 2012b;Ingham, 2000;Knapp & Forist, 2014;Martin, 2011;Mitchell, 2005;Wijeratne, Van Dijk, Kirk-Brown, & Frost, 2014). Advocates for constructivist-based interpretation encourage visitors to actively make meaning based on their previous knowledge and experiences, rather than passively receiving information (Shalaginova, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Place of Inspiration in Heritage Interpretation: A Conceptual Analysis

Gilson

Kool

2019

Journal of Interpretation Research

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Inspiration has been an under-studied phenomenon in the interpretation field. This paper presents the results of a systematic literature review of psychological literature related to inspiration, revealing nine characteristics of inspiration. Of particular interest was the contrasting meanings of inspiration as inspired by and inspired to, and that inspiration is transmissible, positive, individual, transcendent, unexpected, and holistic, and requires receptivity, which may be cultivated. Each characteristic was related to the field of interpretation in practice. After this review of the literature, we propose that giving consideration to inspiration-based interpretation may provide useful insights for practice as a constructivist approach to interpretation. Further exploration into the topic is warranted.

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Rules of engagement: The role of emotional display rules in delivering conservation interpretation in a zoo-based tourism context

Cited by 35 publications

References 39 publications

Unraveling Hong Kong Geopark experience with visitor-employed photography method

Unraveling Hong Kong Geopark experience with visitor-employed photography method

Maximizing biodiversity conservation through behavior change strategies

The Place of Inspiration in Heritage Interpretation: A Conceptual Analysis

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