Rumen Biogeographical Regions and Microbiome Variation

Soltis, Macey P.; Moorey, Sarah E.; Egert-McLean, Amanda M.; Voy, Brynn H.; Shepherd, Elizabeth; Myer, Phillip R.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms11030747

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Microbial communities in the rumen’s various ecological environments change due to interactions with the host and changes in production, and the rumen liquid-phase microbial community has regular access to various types of feeds due to constant redistribution within the rumen [ 33 ]. Bacteroides was found to be more dominant in the liquid phase of the rumen contents of Cervus canadensis and white-tailed deer, whereas Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum in the solid phase, and Prevotella was the co-dominant genus in both the solid and liquid phases of the rumen contents, but its relative abundance was higher in the liquid phase than the solid phase [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firmicutes have been found to be effective fiber degraders [ 46 ]. Primary contractions in the rumen of ruminants follow the dorsal sac, caudodorsal blind sac, caudoventral blind sac, ventral sac, and cranial sac at the end of a cycle [ 33 ]. Firmicutes and Negativicutes were identified as rumen caudoventral blind sac biomarkers in this study, indicating that the liquid phase microorganisms of the rumen caudoventral blind sac provide more digestible fiber and VFAs to the rumen ventral sac, which is the main region of rumen absorption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of Spatial Variation in Rumen Microbiology, Histomorphology, and Fermentation Parameters in Tarim wapiti (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis)

Huang,

Sheng,

Xue

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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The rumen is divided into multiple rumen sacs based on anatomical structure, and each has its unique physiological environment. Tarim wapiti preserved roughage tolerance after domestication, and adaptation to the desertified environment led to the development of a unique rumen shape and intraruminal environment. In this work, six Tarim wapiti were chosen and tested for fermentation parameters, microbes, and histomorphology in four rumen areas (Dorsal sac, DS; Ventral sac, VS; Caudodorsal blind sac, CDBS; Caudoventral blind sac, CVBS). Tarim wapiti’s rumen blind sac had better developed rumen histomorphology, the ventral sac was richer in VFAs, and the dominant bacteria varied most notably in the phylum Firmicutes, which was enriched in the caudoventral blind sac. The ventral sac biomarkers focused on carbohydrate fermentation-associated bacteria, the dorsal sac focused on N recycling, and the caudoventral blind sac identified the only phylum-level bacterium, Firmicutes; we were surprised to find a probiotic bacterium, Bacillus clausii, identified as a biomarker in the ventral sac. This research provides a better understanding of rumen fermentation parameters, microorganisms, and histomorphology in the Tarim wapiti rumen within a unique ecological habitat, laying the groundwork for future regulation targeting the rumen microbiota and subsequent animal production improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Spatial Variation in Rumen Microbiology, Histomorphology, and Fermentation Parameters in Tarim wapiti (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis)

Huang,

Sheng,

Xue

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…The rumen is a diverse ecosystem that plays a crucial role in the digestion and breakdown of nutrients consumed by ruminants [ 45 ]. It is home to a variety of micro-organisms, such as bacteria, archaea, anaerobic fungi, protozoa, and phages, that collaborate in the decomposition of fermented feed to supply essential nutrients and energy to the host [ 46 ]. Research indicates that the rumen microbiome is affected by host genetics and has a significant impact on host health and growth [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lycium barbarum (Wolfberry) Branches and Leaves Enhance the Growth Performance and Improve the Rumen Microbiota in Hu Sheep

Duan,

Rehemujiang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Animals

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The Lycium barbarum branches and leaves (LBL) are known to contain a range of active substances that have positive effects on animal immunity and antioxidation. This study aimed to examine how LBL impacts the growth and slaughter performance as well as rumen fermentation and microbiota in Hu sheep. A total of 50 male Hu sheep of indigenous origin, aged 3 months, were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 sheep each. The groups were given different levels of LBL supplementation (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%) to evaluate growth performance and nutrient apparent digestibility. Rumen fluid samples were collected for analysis of the fermentation parameters and rumen chyme was examined to study the rumen microbiota. The slaughter performance, meat quality, and organ index were evaluated at the conclusion of the experiment. The results showed that the final body weight and average daily gain of the LBL1 group were significantly higher than those of the CON group, LBL3 group, and LBL4 group (p < 0.05). The average dry matter intake of the LBL4 group was significantly lower than that of other experimental groups (p < 0.05). The apparent digestibility of CP in the LBL1 and LBL2 groups was higher than that in other experimental groups (p < 0.05). At the same time, the eye muscle area and grade-rule (GR) value of Hu sheep in the LBL1 group significantly increased and the quality of Hu sheep meat improved (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in organ weight and organ index between the experimental groups (p > 0.05). The pH of the rumen fluid in the LBL1 group was significantly lower than that in the CON group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the NH3-N content between the experimental groups (p > 0.05). The propionate and valerate in the rumen fluid of Hu sheep in the LBL2 group were significantly higher than those in other experimental groups (p < 0.05). In addition, this had no significant effect on the structure and abundance of the rumen microbiota (p > 0.05). LBL is a promising functional feed. Adding an appropriate amount of LBL to the diet can improve the feed efficiency, growth performance, and meat quality of Hu sheep but has no adverse effects on the rumen. In this experiment, the appropriate supplemental level of LBL in the diet was 3%.

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“…The rumen has a unique and complex structure and function. Its most essential functions for ruminants are converting feed into energy for the animal body and altering substances such as lignocellulose to volatile fatty acids and other end products [ 3 ]. These processes are mainly driven by the rumen microbiome and its interaction with the host [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oregano Essential Oil as a Natural Plant Additive Affects Growth Performance and Serum Antibody Levels by Regulating the Rumen Microbiota of Calves

Luo,

Liu,

Cairang

et al. 2024

Animals

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This experiment aimed to investigate whether supplementation of calves with different doses of oregano essential oil (OEO) could promote the development of the gastrointestinal tract and enhance the immune ability of calves by regulating the rumen microbiota. Twenty-four 70-day-old healthy and disease-free Holstein male calves were randomly divided into four groups, with the control group fed a basal diet, and the treatment group provided 4 g, 6 g, and 8 g of oregano essential oil per day in addition to the basal diet. After the 14-day pre-test, a 56-day formal test was conducted. At days 0 and 56 of the standard test period, calves were weighed, the average daily weight gain of calves during the test period was calculated, and serum samples were collected to measure the concentration of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) in the serum; at day 56 of the formal test period, rumen fluid was collected from the calves, and 16SrRNA was sequenced to analyze changes in the rumen microbiota of the calves. The changes in the rumen microbiota of calves were analyzed by 16SrRNA sequencing. The results of the study showed that (1) OEO supplementation in calves significantly increased end weight and average daily gain (p < 0.05); (2) OEO supplementation in calves significantly increased serum concentrations of immunoglobulins IgA and IgM (p < 0.05); (3) OEO supplementation in calves significantly increased the abundance and diversity of rumen microbial organisms (p < 0.05); (4) OEO supplementation in calves significantly regulates the relative abundance of some species, and biomarkers with significant differences were screened by LEfSe analysis: g_Turicibacter, g_Romboutsia, f_Peptostreptococcaceae, f_Clostridiaceae, g_Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, o_Clostridiales, g_unclassified_f_Synergistaceae, c_Coriobacteriia, o_Coriobacteriales, f_Atopobiaceae, g_Olsenella, p_Actinobacteriota, g_Defluviitaleaceae_UCG-011, f_Defluviitaleaceae, o_Corynebacteriales, g_Corynebacterium, f_Corynebacteriaceae, g_Shuttleworthia, f_Hungateiclostridiaceae, o_norank_c_Clostridia, g_Saccharofermentans, g_Streptococcus, f_Streptococcaceae, g_unclassified_o_Oscillospirales, and f_unclassified_o_Oscillospirales (p < 0.05, LDA ≥ 3); and (5) OEO supplementation in calves significantly enriched the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins pathway (p < 0.05). (6) Using Superman’s correlation analysis, we screened unclassified_c_Clostridia, Shuttleworthia, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, three beneficial strains for calves. (7) Daily supplementation with 8g of OEO significantly affected rumen microbiota regulation in calves.

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Rumen Biogeographical Regions and Microbiome Variation

Cited by 8 publications

References 66 publications

Patterns of Spatial Variation in Rumen Microbiology, Histomorphology, and Fermentation Parameters in Tarim wapiti (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis)

Patterns of Spatial Variation in Rumen Microbiology, Histomorphology, and Fermentation Parameters in Tarim wapiti (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis)

Lycium barbarum (Wolfberry) Branches and Leaves Enhance the Growth Performance and Improve the Rumen Microbiota in Hu Sheep

Oregano Essential Oil as a Natural Plant Additive Affects Growth Performance and Serum Antibody Levels by Regulating the Rumen Microbiota of Calves

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