Rumen fluke in cattle in the UK: a review

Tilling, Oliver

doi:10.12968/live.2013.18.6.223

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is the newly excysted and migratory stages of the parasite that are thought to be responsible for clinical paramphistomosis; a condition regarded as a leading cause of livestock morbidity which results in economic loss in tropical and sub-tropical regions [1,4,8]. Clinical symptoms include lethargy/recumbency, dehydration, severe scour and submandibular oedema, which occur as immature parasites excyst and penetrate the duodenal mucosa causing significant damage to the tissues [9]. In cases with large burdens of immature rumen fluke, mortality may occur as a result of the damage caused to host intestinal tissue and symptoms of haemorrhagic enteritis including anaemia and hypoproteinaemia [7,10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Paramphistomosis of Ruminants: An Emerging Parasitic Disease in Europe

Huson

Oliver

Robinson

2017

Trends in Parasitology

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Whilst historically regarded as being of minor importance in European livestock, recent evidence suggests that the prevalence of paramphistomosis is greater than that of fasciolosis in parts of the UK. In order to address this emerging threat to ruminant farming systems, and associated risks for food security posed by rumen fluke infection, it is imperative that we develop a better understanding of the basic biology of this parasite and how it interacts with its ruminant host. In this Opinion article we review recent progress in tracking the spread of rumen fluke infection in Europe, and propose some research questions that should be addressed if we are to develop tools to diagnose and treat paramphistomosis more effectively in the future.

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confidence: 99%

Paramphistomosis of Ruminants: An Emerging Parasitic Disease in Europe

Huson

Oliver

Robinson

2017

Trends in Parasitology

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“…Even though adult rumen flukes are usually well tolerated (Taylor et al ., 2007), heavy infestation with the immature flukes can result in illness associated with the intestinal phase of the infection, usually termed acute larval paramphistomosis. It is a result of duodenal mucosa erosion (Taylor et al ., 2007; Millar et al ., 2012) and can manifest with dehydration, anaemia, hypoproteinaemia and submandibular oedema (Tilling, 2013). Severe cases are most prevalent in calves, while sheep and goats can exhibit clinical signs throughout their lives (Mason et al ., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paramphistomids have a complex life cycle involving aquatic or mud snails as intermediate hosts producing cercariae (Tilling, 2013; Horák et al ., 2019; Mitchell et al ., 2021). Ruminants become infected by ingestion of metacercariae attached to grass while grazing or the floating metacercariae may be swallowed while drinking (Rondelaud et al ., 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The winner takes it all: dominance ofCalicophoron daubneyi(Digenea: Paramphistomidae) among flukes in Central European beef cattle

et al. 2022

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In Europe, paramphistomosis caused by Paramphistomum spp. was historically regarded as being of minor importance. However, Calicophoron daubneyi has recently been recognized as an emerging pathogen in Europe due to its increasing prevalence and negative impact on livestock production. In search for paramphistomid flukes, 5573 beef cattle fecal samples from 115 farms across the whole Czech Republic were examined from March 2019 to June 2021. The eggs of paramphistomid flukes were identified in 29.9% of samples. Internal transcribed spacer 2 sequences from 90 adult flukes and 125 fecal samples collected across Czech Republic confirmed C. daubneyi infection in the Czech beef cattle. Ninety mitochondrial DNA sequences obtained from adult C. daubneyi specimens revealed 13 individual haplotypes, two of them recorded for the first time. Although C. daubneyi is a new parasite in beef cattle herds in the Czechia, it clearly dominates the parasitological findings in the country's beef cattle. The common occurrence of C. daubneyi in most of the beef cattle herds indicates environmental conditions suitable also for the life cycle of Fasciola hepatica and risk of its emergence.

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“…In India, mortality rates due to immature paramphistomes may reach 80–90% in domestic ruminants ( 28 ), which might be associated with differences in rumen fluke species or burden, or the nutritional, health, immune, and genetic status of the host. There is growing concern that rumen fluke prevalence is increasing significantly in Europe ( 29 , 30 ). For example, in Ireland, prevalence of paramphistomes, based on detection of rumen fluke eggs in feces, increased from 3% in 2009 to around 28% in 2013 in cattle ( 21 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Universal Approach to Molecular Identification of Rumen Fluke Species Across Hosts, Continents, and Sample Types

2021

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Rumen fluke are parasitic trematodes that affect domestic and wild ruminants across a wide range of countries and habitats. There are 6 major genera of rumen fluke and over 70 recognized species. Accurate species identification is important to investigate the epidemiology, pathophysiology and economic impact of rumen fluke species but paramphistomes are morphologically plastic, which has resulted in numerous instances of misclassification. Here, we present a universal approach to molecular identification of rumen fluke species, including different life-cycle stages (eggs, juvenile and mature fluke) and sample preservation methods (fresh, ethanol- or formalin-fixed, and paraffin wax-embedded). Among 387 specimens from 173 animals belonging to 10 host species and originating from 14 countries on 5 continents, 10 rumen fluke species were identified based on ITS-2 intergenic spacer sequencing, including members of the genera Calicophoron, Cotylophoron, Fischeroedius, Gastrothylax, Orthocoelium, and Paramphistomum. Pairwise comparison of ITS-2 sequences from this study and GenBank showed >98.5% homology for 80% of intra-species comparisons and <98.5% homology for 97% of inter-species comparisons, suggesting that some sequence data may have been entered into public repositories with incorrect species attribution based on morphological analysis. We propose that ITS-2 sequencing could be used as a universal tool for rumen fluke identification across host and parasite species from diverse technical and geographical origins and form the basis of an international reference database for accurate species identification.

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Rumen fluke in cattle in the UK: a review

Abstract: This article tracks the emergence of rumen fluke in cattle in the United Kingdom. As well as a parasitological summary, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and control options are discussed.

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Paramphistomosis of Ruminants: An Emerging Parasitic Disease in Europe

Paramphistomosis of Ruminants: An Emerging Parasitic Disease in Europe

The winner takes it all: dominance ofCalicophoron daubneyi(Digenea: Paramphistomidae) among flukes in Central European beef cattle

A Universal Approach to Molecular Identification of Rumen Fluke Species Across Hosts, Continents, and Sample Types

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