Ruminal Protein Degradation of Corn Gluten Meal in Lactating Dairy Cattle Fitted with Duodenal T-Type Cannulae

Stern, M. D.; Rode, L. M.; Prange, R. W.; Stauffacher, Ralph H.; Satter, L.D.

doi:10.2527/jas1983.561194x

Cited by 81 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…In agreement with our data, Borsting & Weisbjerg (1989) found low values of lysine and methionine in mixed bacteria after treatment of the ruminai contents with formaldehyde to a final concentration of 1.2% (wt/vol). However, the negative effect on lysine was considerably higher in the present study and also higher than that reported by Whitehouse et al (1994) and Stern et al (1983). Gruber & Mellon (1968) found that formaldehyde in the hydrolyzing mixture completely prevented the determination of tyrosine.…”

Section: Effect Of Formaldehyde Addition To the Ruminai Samples On Thcontrasting

confidence: 80%

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Amino acid composition of bacteria harvested from the rumen of dairy cows fed three diets differing in protein content and rumen protein degradability at two levels of intake

Volden¹,

Harstad²

1998

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A — Animal Science

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Norway). Amino acid composition of bacteria harvested from the rumen of dairy cows fed three diets differing in protein content and rumen protein degradability at two levels of intake.Six dairy cows fitted with rumen and duodenal cannulae were assigned to two replicated 3×3 Latin squares in order to examine amino acid (AA) composition of rumen liquid-associated bacteria (LAB) and solid-adherent bacteria (SAB). Treatments comprised three concentrate mixtures differing in the amount of rumen degradable intake protein (DIP): 13.4, 11.4 and 10.1% of DM, respectively. Measurements were taken in early lactation, at high feeding level (19.7 kg DM day -1 ), and repeated at late lactation (10 kg DM day -1 ) with the same animals and diets. The SAB contained more AA than LAB (P < 0.05), and differences in AA profiles between LAB and SAB were observed for 9 out of 17 AA studied. Feeding level affected only four AA. Increased levels of DIP in the concentrate mixtures increased the content of AA in the bacteria (P < 0.05). Addition of formaldehyde to the ruminai samples prior to bacterial isolation reduced the total AA content by 11%, on average.

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Section: Effect Of Formaldehyde Addition To the Ruminai Samples On Thcontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…For example, Broderick & Merchen (1992) recommended the addition of formaldehyde to the ruminai samples to prevent bacterial lysis when obtaining representative samples for bacterial makers. But, as observed by Stern et al (1983), formaldehyde may affect the AA composition of isolated cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Amino acid composition of bacteria harvested from the rumen of dairy cows fed three diets differing in protein content and rumen protein degradability at two levels of intake

Volden¹,

Harstad²

1998

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A — Animal Science

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“…The results from various publications (Merchen and Satter, 1983;Rooke et al, 1983;Stern et al, 1983Stern et al, , 1985Prange et al, 1984;Chamberlain et al, 1986;Titgemeyer et al, 1988;Windschitl and Stern, 1988;Zerbini et al, 1988;MacCarthy et al, 1989;Waltz et al, 1989;Klusmeyer et al, 1990;Aldrich et al, 1993) (INRA, 1988 …”

Section: Presentation Of the Results On Amino-acid Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a mechanistic model for rumen digestion validated using the duodenal flux of amino acids

Lescoat¹,

Sauvant²

1995

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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“…Subsequently, groups of comparisons were tested for homogeneity between and within groups. All data were taken or calculated from experiments reported in 57 independent studies (Kung et al, 1983;Stern et al, 1983;Prange et al, 1984;Robinson and Sniffen, 1984;Santos et al, 1984;Robinson et al, 1985;Rode et al, 1985;Stern et al, 1985;Armentano et al, 1986;Lu et al, 1988;Price et al, 1988;McCarthy et al, 1989;Waltz et al, 1989;Herrera-Saldana et al, 1990;King et al, 1990;Klusmeyer et al, 1990Klusmeyer et al, , 1991aCameron et al, 1991;Lynch et al, 1991;Ohajuruka et al, 1991;Stokes et al, 1991;Erasmus et al, 1992Erasmus et al, , 1994Aldrich et al, 1993;Christensen et al, 1993aChristensen et al, , 1996Cunningham et al, 1993Cunningham et al, , 1994Cunningham et al, , 1996Feng et al, 1993;Poore et al, 1993;Tice et al, 1993;Benchaar et al, 1994;Pantoja et al, 1994Pantoja et al, , 1995Calsamiglia et al, 1995;Oliveira et al, 1995;Overton et al, 1995;Yoon and Stern, 1996;Chan et al, 1997;…”

Section: Statistical Analysis Of Data From Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the Source and Amount of Crude Protein on the Intestinal Supply of Nitrogen Fractions and Performance of Dairy Cows

Ipharraguerre

Clark

2005

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this article was to review and summarize the significance of the amount and source of dietary crude protein supplements on the supply of nitrogen fractions passing to the small intestine and the performance of lactating dairy cows. A meta-analysis was used to evaluate 2 data sets, one for nitrogen flow to the small intestine and one for performance of cows. The response of dairy cows to rumen-undegradable protein supplements is variable. A portion of this variable response from research trials is explained by the source of crude protein in the control diet, the proportion and source of rumen-undegradable protein in the experimental diet, the effect of rumen-undegradable protein on microbial protein outflow from the rumen, the degradability and amino acid content of the rumen-undegradable protein, and the crude protein percentage of the diet. Compared with soybean meal, the mean milk production responses to feeding rumen-undegradable protein supplements ranged from −2.5 to +2.75%. Because of the large variation and small magnitude of response when rumen-undegradable protein supplements are fed compared with soybean meal, efficiency of nitrogen utilization and the cost to benefit ratio for these crude protein supplements may determine the source and amount of crude protein to feed to dairy cows in the future. (Key words: dairy cow performance, meta-analysis, nitrogen flow to small intestine, rumen-undegradable protein)Abbreviation key: EAA = essential amino acids, NANMN = nonammonia, nonmicrobial N, RUP mix = a mixture of animal, marine, and/or plant protein, SBM = solvent-extracted soybean meal.

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Ruminal Protein Degradation of Corn Gluten Meal in Lactating Dairy Cattle Fitted with Duodenal T-Type Cannulae

Cited by 81 publications

References 0 publications

Amino acid composition of bacteria harvested from the rumen of dairy cows fed three diets differing in protein content and rumen protein degradability at two levels of intake

Amino acid composition of bacteria harvested from the rumen of dairy cows fed three diets differing in protein content and rumen protein degradability at two levels of intake

Development of a mechanistic model for rumen digestion validated using the duodenal flux of amino acids

Impacts of the Source and Amount of Crude Protein on the Intestinal Supply of Nitrogen Fractions and Performance of Dairy Cows

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