The hypothesis that rats increase spontaneous locomotor activity during food deprivation in response to declining blood glucose levels was investigated. Locomotor activity was measured in running wheels and stabilimeter cages under ad-lib and food-deprivation conditions. During deprivation, various dosages of long-acting insulin were administered daily to accelerate the normally occurring diminution of blood glucose. At no dosage did insulin augment activity during deprivation. Instead most dosages impaired the normal activity increases. These results were interpreted as demonstrating a dissociation between the physiological processes which control ingestive behavior and those which regulate behavioral arousal.