Social capital is a vital element of tourism development and sustainability, and has thus drawn significant attention during the past decade. Yet, this topic is still under-researched in the context of niche tourism, especially along linear tourism settings such as wine trails. As a major component of wine tourism, wine trails have been growing rapidly worldwide to further regional tourism development. To examine the level of social capital related with wine tourism, communities surrounding two wine trails in North Carolina (U.S.) were surveyed regarding the Trust, Information Sharing, Collective Action, Bonding and Bridging dimensions of social capital. Results indicated the Piedmont region has not yet fully developed the social capital associated with local wine trails, although residents perceived somewhat strong Collective Action derived from this growing tourism niche. Visitation frequency to wine trails was found to be significantly associated with all dimensions of wine tourism social capital. This study advances the wine tourism scholarship concerning social capital along wine trails (e.g., integrating main dimensions into one scale). It also sheds light on wine trail development and management, suggesting local wineries and wine trails invest greater effort in forging community bonds, especially among older residents, and bridging with local businesses.attributes is still lacking in the literature [16], which suggests a need to further understand how social capital and spatial attributes are associated, particularly in linear tourism settings such as wine trails.Research of social capital in the tourism field is increasing but still relatively insufficient [17]. Recent tourism studies examined social capital either at the community level, as associated with regional tourism development [18,19], or in specific niche tourism settings such as ecotourism [20], volunteer tourism [21], rural tourism [22], craft beverage tourism [23], and even wine tourism [24]. Despite of different measurement scales used, these studies suggest general positive effects of social capital with regard to tourism development.Research exploring social capital with incorporated spatial attributes in linear tourism settings such as wine trails is scarce, yet much needed, as such research could optimize trail development and management, engage communities and spread tourism development benefits. Researchers [25] document that social capital greatly influences community participation, while a lack of which is considered by trail mangers a significant constraint to tourism trail planning and management [26]. Social capital therefore was being acknowledged essential to tourism trail development success.Given the potential capacity of wine trails to spread benefits within surrounding communities, the limited information related to the spatial dimension of social capital in linear tourism settings, and the need of such information for informing trail management, this study examines the level of social capital in communities along wine trai...