Running Vacuum in the Universe: current phenomenological status

Solà, Joan

doi:10.48550/arxiv.1601.01668

Cited by 17 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The effective action in such theories inherits quantum effects from the matter sector. In general, the renormalization group techniques in curved spacetimes leads to a dependence of vacuum energy on the Hubble parameter H of the form, ρ Λ (H, Ḣ) = M 2 P l Λ(H, Ḣ) [40,42,38] and references therin).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of the late universe with viscous Zel’ldovich fluid and decaying vacuum

Nair

Mathew

2018

Astrophys Space Sci

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of the late universe with viscous Zel’ldovich fluid and decaying vacuum

Nair

Mathew

2018

Astrophys Space Sci

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“…In other words, the fact that the EW vacuum energy density is now proven to be ∼ 10 56 times bigger than the measured value of ρ Λ ∼ 10 −47 GeV 4 does create a phenomenal conundrum for us to elucidate! [3] -see also [4][5][6][7] for additional discussions on the CC problem. The severe difficulties inherent both in the particle physics and in the gravitational domains do indeed crave for new insights as to the very origin of the Higgs potential, its associated vacuum energy and the implications on the cosmic evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higgs potential from extended Brans–Dicke theory and the time-evolution of the fundamental constants

Solà

Karimkhani

Khodam-Mohammadi

2016

Class. Quantum Grav.

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Despite the enormous significance of the Higgs potential in the context of the Standard Model of electroweak interactions and in Grand Unified Theories, its ultimate origin is fundamentally unknown and must be introduced by hand in accordance with the underlying gauge symmetry and the requirement of renormalizability. Here we propose a more physical motivation for the structure of the Higgs potential, which we derive from a generalized Brans-Dicke (BD) theory containing two interacting scalar fields. One of these fields is coupled to curvature as in the BD formulation, whereas the other is coupled to gravity both derivatively and non-derivatively through the curvature scalar and the Ricci tensor. By requiring that the cosmological solutions of the model are consistent with observations, we show that the effective scalar field potential adopts the Higgs potential form with a mildly time-evolving vacuum expectation value. This residual vacuum dynamics could be responsible for the possible time variation of the fundamental constants, and is reminiscent of former Bjorken's ideas on the cosmological constant problem.Here, in our search for alternative frameworks that could explain the origin of the Higgs sector, we consider the theoretical possibility that the very structure of the Higgs potential is dictated by a real feedback between the particle physics world and the gravitational interactions. Through this "communicative ansatz" we try to find a possible, more physical, explanation for the origin of the Higgs potential that is minimally satisfactory in the two large domains (Particle Physics and General Relativity/Cosmology) which have traditionally remained isolated from one another. Specifically, in this work we explore an extend Jordan-Fierz-Brans-Dicke ("BD" for short) type of gravitational theory [25,26], in which apart from including the usual non-minimal scalar-tensor interaction [27] for the BD-field, ψ, we introduce an interaction term between ψ and a second scalar, φ, which will play the role of Higgs boson after we determine self-consistently the form of its effective potential.Remarkably, this is possible if φ interacts non-minimally with curvature and if its kinetic term interacts with the Ricci tensor, thereby through a derivative interaction with gravity [28,29]. We do not address here higher order gravitational theories, as in our case we limit ourselves to generalized forms of Einstein's gravity involving only the first power of the Ricci tensor and scalar, but we extend our study to the case of Grand Unified Theories (GUT's), where more than one type of Higgs field is involved.The kind of cosmological solutions that we search for in order to fix self-consistently the Higgs potential are the simplest possible ones, namely the power-law solutions of the cosmological equations in a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) background.These scaling solutions are interpreted as representing asymptotic states of the different phases of the cosmic evolution [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. The...

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“…These are the so-called running vacuum models (RVM's) of the cosmological evolution, see e.g. [26] for a recent summarized discussion and [27,28,29] for a more extensive review and a comprehensive list of references. In these models there are no ultralight scalar fields and the time variation of the fundamental constants is effectively triggered via quantum effects induced by the cosmological renormalization group, whose flow is naturally set up by the expansion rate H, cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Running vacuum in the Universe and the time variation of the fundamental constants of Nature

Fritzsch,

Sola,

Nunes

2016

Preprint

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We compute the time variation of the fundamental constants (such as the ratio of the proton mass to the electron mass, the strong coupling constant, the fine structure constant and Newton's constant) within the context of the so-called running vacuum models (RVM's) of the cosmic evolution. Recently, compelling evidence has been provided that these models are able to fit the main cosmological data (SNIa+BAO+H(z)+LSS+BBN+CMB) significantly better than the concordance ΛCDM model. Specifically, the vacuum parameters of the RVM (i.e. those responsible for the dynamics of the vacuum energy) prove to be nonzero at a confidence level 3σ. Here we use such remarkable status of the RVM's to make definite predictions on the cosmic time variation of the fundamental constants. It turns out that the predicted variations are close to the present observational limits. Furthermore, we find that the time evolution of the dark matter particle masses should be crucially involved in the total mass variation of our Universe. A positive measurement of this kind of effects could be interpreted as strong support to the "micro and macro connection" (viz. the dynamical feedback between the evolution of the cosmological parameters and the time variation of the fundamental constants of the microscopic world), previously proposed by two of us (HF and JS).

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Running Vacuum in the Universe: current phenomenological status

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

A model of the late universe with viscous Zel’ldovich fluid and decaying vacuum

A model of the late universe with viscous Zel’ldovich fluid and decaying vacuum

Higgs potential from extended Brans–Dicke theory and the time-evolution of the fundamental constants

Running vacuum in the Universe and the time variation of the fundamental constants of Nature

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