Runoff characteristics and nutrient loss mechanism from plain farmland under simulated rainfall conditions

Liu, Ruimin; Wang, Jiawei; Shi, Jianhan; Chen, Yaxin; Sun, Chengchun; Zhang, Peipei; Shen, Zhenyao

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.035

Cited by 159 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The runoff volume increased with the increasing rainfall intensity and the increasing soil moisture content, and decreased with the increasing vegetation cover. These factors also significantly affected the losses of N. In other words, a longer and more intense rainfall resulted in a higher loss of N [23]. The N concentration in runoff was high at an early stage, and then reduced with increasing time [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the upper reach of the Yangtze River, regosol is the dominant soil; it is suitable for cultivation but erodible [22]. Therefore, understanding the influence mechanisms of rainfall and terrain on total nitrogen losses from regosol is essential for NPS pollution research, pollution control and the environmental protection of the Yangtze River's water [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence Mechanisms of Rainfall and Terrain Characteristics on Total Nitrogen Losses from Regosol

Ding

Xue

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:The upper reach of the Yangtze River is an ecologically sensitive region where water loss, soil erosion, and nonpoint source (NPS) pollution are serious issues. In this drainage area, regosol is the most widely distributed soil type. Cultivation on regosol is extensive and total nitrogen (TN) has become a common NPS pollutant. Artificial rainfall experiments were conducted to reveal the influence mechanisms of rainfall and terrain on TN losses from regosol. The results showed that there were positive correlations between precipitations and TN loads but negative ones between precipitations and TN concentrations. Furthermore, negative correlations were more obvious on fields with slopes of 5 • and 25 • than on other slopes. With increasing rainfall intensity, TN loads rose simultaneously. However, TN concentration in runoff-yielding time presented a decline over time. As far as terrain was concerned, TN loads grew generally but not limitlessly when slopes increased. Similarly, TN concentrations also rose with rising slopes; upward trends were more obvious for steeper slopes. Furthermore, the initial runoff-yielding time became longer for steeper slopes and the differences under various rainfall intensity conditions diminished gradually.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence Mechanisms of Rainfall and Terrain Characteristics on Total Nitrogen Losses from Regosol

Ding

Xue

et al. 2017

Water

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“…In our study, further negative attitudes towards elephants by local people have been attributed to the perception that elephants tend to make top soil less fertile through trampling. Nutrient-rich top soils tend to be eroded and to leach nutrients during heavy rains when herbaceous cover is being removed [23]. However, this perception is in contrast to [24,25] that indicated that elephant dung can increase soil nutrients.…”

Section: Human Perception Human-elephant Conflict Incidents Andmentioning

confidence: 95%

Balancing African Elephant Conservation with Human Well-Being in Rombo Area, Tanzania

Mmbaga

Treydte

2017

Advances in Ecology

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The critical assessment of the nature and extent of human-elephant conflict (HEC) and its impact on conservation efforts are essential if we are to meet the challenges related to extinction of local population, as well as loss biodiversity. Conservationists need detailed information on HEC in areas where these challenges prevail to improve intervention in the face of limited funds/resources. We assessed the status of HEC at Rombo area over the last six years. Data based on household surveys, focus group discussions, spatiotemporal analysis of site observations, and reported incidents of damage within the last six years were mapped. Out of all HEC cases analyzed, the most were crop damage which took place at night and the damage was severe between May and July, when cereal crops were mature. In upland areas of Rombo, HEC hotspots were observed inside the protected forest plantation where local people cultivated their annual crops. Cold spots concentrated in upland areas outside the protected forest plantation dominated by settlement and agroforestry less preferred by elephants. In lowland areas, HEC hotspots were observed in village lands close to the PAs, within settlement and farmland dominated by seasonal crops. This suggests that HEC management efforts such as establishment of buffer zones should be directed around the areas adjacent to PAs and prevention should focus on cultivation of the alternative crops and farming systems that are less preferred by elephants. Our study highlights the importance of using a combination of data collection techniques to pinpoint fine-scale HEC hotspots in a highly conflict-prone location of Tanzania.

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“…The basin had high concentrations of oxygen (6.91 to 8.33 mg/L), low temperatures (12 ºC to 17.70 ºC), and a neutral pH, there nitrogen could be found in its oxidized state. The presence of nitrites (< 0.1 mg/L) is related to water pollution (Liu et al 2014) caused by the drag of agricultural inputs and livestock (manure), accentuated in periods of low rainfall (Miserendino et al 2011).…”

Section: Water Quality Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Productive Activities on the Water Quality for Human Consumption in an Andean Basin, a Case Study

Ruiz

Idrobo

Sarmiento

et al. 2017

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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Productive activities such as agriculture and livestock have transformed the Andean basins in South America. In accordance with this statement, the objective of this study was to assess the water quality of "Las Piedras" river located in an Andean basin with 6626 ha in Colombian Highlands. This study analyzed nutrient inputs from agricultural production, spatial crops distribution, human activities and their influence on the ecological state of the river. The evaluation integrated physicochemical and biological parameters in the indexes of water quality, pollution and the aquatic macroinvertebrates community. Results showed that aggregated crop fields occupy 25.2 % in the basin and the biological water quality through the Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) index denotes the presence of tolerant-pollution organisms, additionally the biodiversity was low (Shannon H´1.1). The water quality in the river satisfies the Colombian regulation criteria for human consumption, even higher concentrations of nutrients in the lower area with 2.20 mg/L nitrates and 1.49 mg/L of phosphates, besides the loss of nutrients by runoff, which was 2.57 mg/L nitrates in the middle area and 0.18 mg/L phosphates in the upper area. In this sense, the nutrient concentration input increases toward the lower area of the basin because of the crop distribution. The agricultural land use modified the hydrological ecosystem services by decreasing the basin water regulatory capacity and nutrients input to the main stream.Palabras clave: contaminación hídrica, agricultura, distribución espacial de los cultivos, biodiversidad, agua potable RESUMENLas actividades productivas como la agricultura y la ganadería han transformado las cuencas andinas de América del Sur. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la calidad del agua en la cuenca del río Las Piedras (6626 ha), localizada en la alta montaña colombiana. Se analizaron los aportes de nutrientes a partir de la producción agrícola, distribución espacial de cultivos, actividades humanas y su influencia en el estado ecológico del río. La evaluación integró los parámetros físicos, químicos y biológicos en índices de calidad del agua, de contaminación y de macroinvertebrados acuáticos. Los resultados mostraron que los cultivos ocupan el 25.2 % de la cuenca, la calidad biológica del agua según el 362índice del Grupo de Trabajo de Monitoreo Biológico (BMWP, por sus siglas en inglés) evidenció la presencia de organismos tolerantes a la contaminación y baja biodiversidad (Shannon H' 1.1). La calidad del agua es apta para consumo humano según los estándares establecidos por la normatividad Colombiana. Sin embargo, se encontraron altas concentraciones de nutrientes en la zona baja del río con 2.20 mg/L de nitratos y 1.49 mg/L de fosfatos, adicionalmente los aportes de nutrientes en escorrentía superficial fueron de 2.57 mg/L de nitratos en la zona media y 0.18 mg/L de fosfatos en la zona alta. En este sentido, se observó que el ingreso de nutrientes aumenta hacia la zona baja de la cuenca deb...

show abstract

Runoff characteristics and nutrient loss mechanism from plain farmland under simulated rainfall conditions

Cited by 159 publications

References 32 publications

Influence Mechanisms of Rainfall and Terrain Characteristics on Total Nitrogen Losses from Regosol

Influence Mechanisms of Rainfall and Terrain Characteristics on Total Nitrogen Losses from Regosol

Balancing African Elephant Conservation with Human Well-Being in Rombo Area, Tanzania

Effects of Productive Activities on the Water Quality for Human Consumption in an Andean Basin, a Case Study

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