Summary. Labour was induced at term with vaginal instillation of prostaglandin E2 in 143 patients who had been delivered by caesarean section in a previous pregnancy. The method was simple, safe and effective with 76% achieving a vaginal delivery, and even when the cervix was very unfavourable at the time of prostaglandin treatment, 68% achieved vaginal delivery. The procedure reduces the need for repeat caesarean section with its potential morbidity, without evidence of undue risk of lower segment scar rupture.