Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm: Three Case Reports and Literature Review

Abstract

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm rupture (SOVAR) into the right cardiac chambers is an uncommon complication with unusual presentation, high morbidity and mortality, and unique hemodynamics as well as cardiac imaging findings. Here, we present three SOVAR cases (two with rupture into the right atrium and one with rupture into the right ventricle) that were initially confused for ventricular septal defects and describe their initial presentation, cardiac imaging studies, invasive hemodynamics, as well as treatment options. Some of the unique findings of SOVAR patients include an acute presentation, often with hemodynamic decompensation, the presence of a continuous murmur on examination, and also hemodynamics that include wide pulse pressure and right heart volume overload.