Rural College Students’ Amenability Toward Using At-Home Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Kits

Hubach, Randolph D.; Mahaffey, Carlos; Rhoads, Kelley; O’Neil, Andrew M.; Ernst, Campbell; Bui, Lynn X.; Hamrick, Justin; Giano, Zachary

doi:10.1097/olq.0000000000001374

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For example, self-testing has been found efficient in undergraduate populations practicing riskier sex [ 62 ]. Such “at-home” approaches have been successful in populations located in low-resource contexts, domestically [ 63 ], and in the global South [ 64 ]. We see great promise in using these novel types of testing in tandem with solid partnerships with local and federally funded nonprofit health centers, including Title X Family Planning clinics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Just in case: undergraduate students identifying and mitigating barriers to their sexual and reproductive health needs

Olson,

Lehman,

Mejia

et al. 2024

BMC Women's Health

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Background Many U.S. colleges and universities offer access to a healthcare center that provides sexual and reproductive health (SRH) resources, services, and products. The importance of health centers in college and university settings in reducing sexual health disparities in student populations cannot be stressed enough. This article evaluates a student-led, mutual-aid, grassroots health promotion strategy for students with limited access to healthcare services, supplies, and tools via an anonymous and discrete distribution of SRH resources without charge. Methods In partnership with faculty, undergraduate students worked to address their school’s unmet SRH needs by increasing on-campus access to comprehensive, evidence-based, and sex-positive resources. Referred to as Just in Case, this student-led, grassroots health promotion program provided students with supply kits containing contraceptives, sexual health wellness products, basic hygiene supplies, and education materials. Students were surveyed in a pre- (n = 95) post- (n = 73) pilot study to identify contraception acquisition barriers, discern perceptions of on-campus SRH resources, and elucidate trends in this program’s use and impact. Chi-square tests of independence were used to compare survey group responses, and association rule mining was employed in tandem to identify SRH items that students requested. Results Students identified cost and privacy as significant barriers to acquiring sexual health products on campus. Of the 182 Just in Case supply kits requested by students during the 2022–2023 academic year, condoms were requested most frequently in 75% of fulfilled kits, while emergency contraception and pregnancy tests were asked most often in 61% of kits. 50% of students reported access to contraceptives on campus before this program’s implementation, growing to 75% (p < 0.001) 1 year later post-implementation. Similar jumps were observed for reported access to sexual health education (30 to 73%, p < 0.001) and services (36 to 73%, p < 0.001). Conclusion A student-led SRH supply and resource delivery strategy may immediately reduce SRH inequities and decrease barriers to contraceptive use for students with limited access to on-site SRH product availability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Just in case: undergraduate students identifying and mitigating barriers to their sexual and reproductive health needs

Olson,

Lehman,

Mejia

et al. 2024

BMC Women's Health

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“…Similarly, it could be helpful if the process for returning one’s specimens avoids disclosing the nature of the destination (e.g., STI laboratory) or the contents of the package. Including prepaid return postage could be beneficial, particularly for rural residents who may encounter surcharges for package pickup from areas deemed to be less accessible by shipping carriers [ 62 ]. Attention to the possible size of the return package might also be warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions and Experiences of Returning Self-collected Specimens for HIV, Bacterial STI and Potential PrEP Adherence Testing among Sexual Minority Men in the United States

et al. 2022

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Few studies among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) have examined facilitators and barriers to self-collecting specimens for extragenital STI screening, and none have evaluated attitudes towards self-collecting hair samples that can be utilized for PrEP drug level testing to assess adherence. To address this gap, we interviewed 25 sexually active GBMSM who were offered a choice to self-collect and return finger-stick blood samples (for actual HIV testing), pharyngeal swabs, rectal swabs and urine specimens (for actual gonorrhea and chlamydia testing), and hair samples (to visually determine their adequacy for PrEP drug level testing): 11 who returned all, 4 who returned some, and 10 who did not return any. Participants found self-collecting finger-stick blood samples and rectal swabs more challenging than other specimens. Frequently discussed facilitators of return included an opportunity to confirm one’s HIV or STI status, limited access to a healthcare provider and a desire to advance research focusing on home-based testing. Commonly cited barriers to return included low self-efficacy pertaining to self-collection and apprehension around the possibility of delay or loss of specimens during transit. Offering additional support such as real-time video conferencing may prove helpful in future field-based research with GBMSM.

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“…The Binary Classification module is not only useful for students and doctors, but also for patients: at-home medical testing is becoming more commonplace, including tests for infectious diseases, pregnancy, and more (Jean et al, 2022), and may become especially beneficial for vulnerable populations by increasing the accessibility of care (Hubach et al, 2021;Kattari et al, in press;Rasti, 2022). It is important that patients who take tests at home without the support of a medical professional are provided with information that allows them to draw correct conclusions.…”

Section: Concluding Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correct Conclusions from Fallible Medical Tests: A Tutorial with JASP

Kucharský,

Wagenmakers

2023

Preprint

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Medical professionals, patients, students, and the public at large regularly need to interpret the outcome of medical tests. These tests are error-prone, however, and the fact that the outcome is positive (or negative) does not establish with certainty that the disease is present (or absent). The correct interpretation of the test outcome demands that Bayes' rule is used to combine the quality of the test (i.e., sensitivity and specificity) with available background information (i.e., disease prevalence). It is well known that people find it difficult to understand and apply Bayes' rule, and that the correct outcome is often at odds with intuition, especially when a test with good operating characteristics yields a positive result, but the disease is relatively rare. Less well known is that in practical application, the values of sensitivity, specificity, and prevalence are usually associated with considerable uncertainty. The correct interpretation of a medical test demands that this uncertainty is explicitly acknowledged and properly taken into account.To facilitate the correct interpretation of fallible medical tests we introduce the Binary classification module in the open-source software JASP. This module explains medical testing through a series of informative visualizations. The module also allows users to propagate uncertainty in sensitivity, specificity, and prevalence to derived measure of interest, such as positive predictive value. The module can be used both in teaching and in medical practice.

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Rural College Students’ Amenability Toward Using At-Home Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Kits

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Just in case: undergraduate students identifying and mitigating barriers to their sexual and reproductive health needs

Just in case: undergraduate students identifying and mitigating barriers to their sexual and reproductive health needs

Perceptions and Experiences of Returning Self-collected Specimens for HIV, Bacterial STI and Potential PrEP Adherence Testing among Sexual Minority Men in the United States

Correct Conclusions from Fallible Medical Tests: A Tutorial with JASP

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