Rural Employment Diversification in North East India: An Analysis

Panda, Bhagirathi

doi:10.25175/jrd/2017/v36/i2/116391

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The motives behind employment diversification have been classified broadly into "push" and "pull" factors (Drall and Mandal, 2020;Haggblade et al, 2010;Jatav and Sen, 2013;Alobo Loison, 2015;Nakajima et al, 2018;Panda, 2017;Ranjan, 2009;Unni, 1996). Under a dynamic agricultural situation, favourable production and consumption linkages expand the growth of lucrative non-farm jobs which acts as a pull factor for diversification.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Matsumoto et al (2006) found an increase in the income of farm households by 9.1% in Kenya, 14.5% in Uganda and 12.5% in Ethiopia due to diversification. Works by Jatav and Sen (2013), Lanjouw and Shariff (2004), Misra (2014) and Panda (2017) established that education and vocational training act as a facilitator for rural employment diversification in India. Another notable determinant is the size of land ownership.…”

Section: Rural Non-farm Employment In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 2010; Jatav and Sen, 2013; Alobo Loison, 2015; Nakajima et al. , 2018; Panda, 2017; Ranjan, 2009; Unni, 1996). Under a dynamic agricultural situation, favourable production and consumption linkages expand the growth of lucrative non-farm jobs which acts as a pull factor for diversification.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rural non-farm employment diversification in India: the role of gender, education, caste and land ownership

Das

Mahanta²

2023

IJSE

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PurposeNon-farm employment has transitioned from a residual to a dominant livelihood option in rural India. Despite the sector’s diverse welfare implications, it is still a male-dominant sector with limited scope for female’s participation. Several socio-economic and cultural factors are responsible for such disparities in occupational choices. The purpose of this study is to examine this gender dimension of occupational diversification for rural India and focuses on the role of education, caste and land ownership in explaining employment probabilities across gender.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses secondary data on employment and unemployment from the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) for rural India and pooled the data for three periods that include 61st (2004–2005), 66th (2009–2010) and 68th (2011–2012) round comprising a total of 235,722 individuals. The study applies a multinomial logit regression model.FindingsThe results show that education facilitates females to diversify to sectors like manufacturing, mining and construction while educated males are more likely to diversify to services. However, the likelihood of diversification by educated females is low for those belonging to land-owning households. On the contrary, land ownership facilitates educated males to join sectors like mining and quarrying and services. It is also found that females belonging to Scheduled Tribe/Scheduled Caste (ST/SC) households diversify to low return activities like manufacturing and construction while males are more likely to join services.Originality/valueThis study has contributed to the literature on employment diversification by considering not only the gender aspect of diversification but also examining how education, caste and land would explain occupational choices between males and females. It is evident from the findings that education can be a liberating factor for females to participate actively in sectors outside agriculture but the status quo associated with land ownership in rural India declines their possibility of economic participation compared to males. Even educated females are confined to manufacturing and construction in the absence of proper non-farm employment opportunities for them.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rural Non-farm Employment In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rural non-farm employment diversification in India: the role of gender, education, caste and land ownership

Das

Mahanta²

2023

IJSE

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“…Mulberry planting, manuring, irrigation, weeding, mulberry leaf picking, mulberry leaf transportation and leaf storage, women frequently involved in these sericulture operations. They are also involved in leaf-cutting, feeding, worm spacing, bed cleaning, mounting, cocoon harvesting, and disinfectant during silkworm rearing, and women were also involved in post-harvesting activities of cocoons like silk reeling, silk spinning, silk twisting, silk weaving etc., Some are still involved in decision-making [7,10,11,12,13]. So the study aim is to analyse the problems faced by women in these activities involved in production and marketing of mulberry silk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value Chain Analysis of Cocoons, Constraints faced by women in Production and Marketing of Mulberry Silk in Chikkaballapur District of Karnataka, India

Madhu

Irfan

Prakash

et al. 2023

AJAEES

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The present study was carried out in Chikkaballapur district of Karnataka to assess the marketing costs, value chain of cocoons and constraints faced by women in production and marketing of mulberry silk in the year 2021. The study adopted multistage random sampling for the selection of farmers and intermediaries, 90 and 50 respectively. The marketing costs are calculated for one quintal of cocoons among the stratified farmers. The marketing cost incurred was estimated to be Rs 980.78, amongst which the largest share was observed higher for marketing fee accounted 40.89 per cent, followed by packing material accounting 20.72 per cent. The producer’s share in consumer’s rupee was accounted to 34.28 per cent. The process of cocoons, the marketing costs and margins shown that the silk weavers purchased coloured weft from the silk twisters which accounts highest share of 42 per cent of the total cost of consumer’s price. The major constraints faced by women in mulberry cultivation was water scarcity etc. Constraints encountered in cocoon production was mainly pest and disease of mulberry silkworms. Constraints encountered in marketing of mulberry silk cocoons majorly was high price fluctuations in the market followed by the absence of quality based pricing. The constraints faced by reelers in mulberry silk production are high investment cost and high price fluctuations was observed in marketing of silk.

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