Rural Labor‐Intensive Public Works: Impacts of Participation on Preschooler Nutrition: Evidence from Niger

Brown, Lynn; Yohannes, Yisehac; Webb, Patrick

doi:10.2307/1243420

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Overall, pathways that would be expected to increase or decrease the risk of underweight were both described, suggesting that there are simultaneous factors acting at once. These qualitative findings shed light on prior quantitative findings, which report mixed associations for both undernutrition and overweight (Brown et al, ; De Groote et al, ;. Engle, ; Engle & Pedersen, ; Lamontagne et al, ; Lopez‐Arana et al, ; Mascie‐Taylor, Marks, Goto, & Islam, ; Pierre‐Louis, Sanjur, Nesheim, Bowman, & Mohammed, ; Popkin, ; Toyama et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Early empirical work had evaluated the extent to which maternal employment was associated with indicators of undernutrition among women (e.g., underweight (body mass index [BMI] <18.5) and children (e.g., underweight [weight-for-age z-score [WAZ] < −2]). Some of these findings reported a decreased risk of undernutrition, while others indicated an increased risk of undernutrition or report null results (Bamji & Thimayamma, 2000;Brown, Yohannes, & Webb, 1994;De Groote, Kennedy, Payongayong, & Haddad, 1994;Engle, 1991Engle, , 1993Engle & Pedersen, 1989;Lamontagne, Engle, & Zeitlin, 1998;Leslie, 1988;Popkin, 1980Popkin, , 1983Pryer, Rogers, & Rahman, 2003;Toyama, Wakai, Nakamura, & Arifin, 2001;Tucker & Sanjur, 1988). Results also suggested heterogeneity in the association by occupation type (e.g., agriculturebased employment) and number of hours worked (Engle, 1991;Engle & Pedersen, 1989;Glick & Sahn, 1998;Leslie, 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathways of the association between maternal employment and weight status among women and children: Qualitative findings from Guatemala

Oddo

Surkan

Hurley

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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The double burden of malnutrition, defined by the coexistence of undernutrition and overweight, is well documented in low-and middle-income countries. However, the mechanisms by which employment may be related to maternal and child weight status in low-and middle-income countries are not well understood. We conducted in-depth interviews among 20 mothers who participated in Project MIEL, a contemporary trial which evaluated the effects of an integrated micronutrient supplement and parenting intervention in rural Guatemala. We utilized semi-structured interviews to explore the pathways by which maternal employment might influence bodyweight. Interviews were structured to explore the factors that mothers considered when deciding whether or not to participate in the labor force and how mothers perceived the influence of employment on determinants of their own bodyweight and that of their children. Themes were used to develop a conceptual framework. Mothers described four pathways through which employment could lead to changes in weight status: changes in food purchasing; improved household well-being; changes in time allocation; and psychological effects. Mothers described purchasing increased quantities and more varied types of food, as well as the purchase of energy-dense foods. Less time to devote to food preparation resulted in mothers preparing quicker meals and relying on substitute childcare. Mothers also expressed feelings of worry and neglect in relation to being employed, and perceived that these feelings would affect weight. A better understanding of these mechanisms is important for developing policies and programs to support women in the workplace and also reducing maternal and child overweight in Guatemala.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways of the association between maternal employment and weight status among women and children: Qualitative findings from Guatemala

Oddo

Surkan

Hurley

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…Other studies have also reported positive associations of child anthropometric status with women's work for earnings, particularly weight for height in Mall (De Groote et al, 1994), Niger (Brown et al, 1994); the Philippines (Blau et al, 1996), and in Guatemala (Engle and Pedersen, 1989;Engle, 1991Engle, , 1993Engle, , 1995. The association of work with weight for height, a shorter-term measure of anthropometric status, might suggest that during the critical weaning period, the woman's income could be used for higher quality weaning foods, resulting in the more transient increase in weight (short and chubby), particularly for children who had been stunted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Maternal employment, child care, and nutritional status of 12–18-month-old children in Managua, Nicaragua

Lamontagne

Engle

Zeitlin

1998

Social Science & Medicine

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Abstract--Relationships among women's employment, child care strategies, and nutritional status of children 12-18 months of age were examined in 80 Nicaraguan households sampled by randomized block design in 10 low income urban communities. Multiple regression analyses showed that children of employed mothers (56%) fared better in weight/height than those whose mothers were not employed, with and without controlling for socioeconomic status and maternal education, paternal financial support, child care adequacy, and sex and age of the child. Children with inadequate alternate child care (care by a preteen or care at the work place) had lower height for age, even controlling for the same variables and for maternal employment. Differences in 10 caregiving behaviors between families as a function of work status of the mother and adequacy of child care were examined. In families with working mothers, caregivers were less likely to be observed washing their hands, suggesting that the positive associations of work for earnings might be due to income rather than improved care. Inadequate care was associated with less food variety, less use of health care, and marginally less handwashing. Inadequate child care, which tends to be associated with informal work, nuclear families and poverty, should be a concern for child welfare.

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“…Studies of income effects on household welfare show that female income provides an advantage (Senauer, Garcia, and Jacinto 1988;Thomas 1990;Brown, Yohannes, and Webb 1994). Refinements of this type of study have examined the "lumpiness" of income to show that food expenditures depend on gender-disaggregated seasonal income flows (Hopkins, Levin, and Haddad 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Analysis of Gender Bias in Education Spending in Paraguay

Masterson

2008

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in An Empirical Analysis of Gender Bias in Education Spending in Paraguay by Thomas MastersonThe Levy Economics Institute of Bard College November 2008The author wishes to acknowledge the helpful comments of Susana Lasterría-Cornhiel and the participants of the panel "Property Ownership as Protection from Domestic Violence among Women: Taking What We Know from South Asia to Latin America" at the Conference of the Latin American Studies Association in Montreal, Canada, September 5-8, 2007, as well as the research assistance of YuGai Zhu. The Levy Economics Institute Working Paper Collection presents research in progress byLevy Institute scholars and conference participants. The purpose of the series is to disseminate ideas to and elicit comments from academics and professionals.The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, founded in 1986, is a nonprofit, nonpartisan, independently funded research organization devoted to public service. Through scholarship and economic research it generates viable, effective public policy responses to important economic problems that profoundly affect the quality of life in the United States and abroad. 1 ABSTRACTGender affects household spending in two areas that have been widely studied in the literature. One strand documents that greater female bargaining power within households results in a variety of shifts in household production and consumption. An important source of intrahousehold bargaining power is ownership of assets, especially land.Another strand examines gender bias in spending on children. This paper addresses both strands simultaneously. In it, differences in spending on education are examined empirically, at both the household and the individual level. Results are mixed, though the balance of evidence weighs toward pro-male bias in spending on education at the household level. Results also indicate that the relationship between asset ownership and female bargaining power within the household is contingent on the type of asset.

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Rural Labor‐Intensive Public Works: Impacts of Participation on Preschooler Nutrition: Evidence from Niger

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Pathways of the association between maternal employment and weight status among women and children: Qualitative findings from Guatemala

Pathways of the association between maternal employment and weight status among women and children: Qualitative findings from Guatemala

Maternal employment, child care, and nutritional status of 12–18-month-old children in Managua, Nicaragua

An Empirical Analysis of Gender Bias in Education Spending in Paraguay

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