Rural-urban gradients and all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality in Spain using individual data

Ayuso-Álvarez, Ana; Ortíz, Cristina; López-Cuadrado, Teresa; Rodríguez‐Blázquez, Carmen; Fernández‐Navarro, Pablo; González-Palacios, Javier; Damián, Javier; Galán, Iñaki

doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101232

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…Residential areas, which allowed for the examination of inequalities in the social determinants of health, did not show a statistically significant association with SPH. However, despite adhering to multiple criteria for geographical delineation, including population size and density, agricultural activities, soil characteristics, and, in certain cases, indicators of income [32], achieving precise categorization between rural and urban areas may have been challenging [55]. Differences in SPH between urban and rural areas do not consistently show a clear direction in various studies, and at least four categories and other variables such as deprivation level have been employed to delineate these disparities [56][57][58][59].…”

Section: Changes In Sph and Intermediate Social Determinants Of Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Chronic Disease Self-Management Program on the Self-Perceived Health of People in Areas of Social Vulnerability in Asturias, Spain

García-Ovejero,

Pisano-González,

Salcedo-Diego

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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The Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) focuses on a health promotion perspective with a salutogenic approach, reinforcing the pillars of self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the CDSMP on Self-perceived Health (SPH) in disadvantaged areas of Asturias, España. The study included vulnerable adults with experience of chronic diseases for over six months, along with their caregivers. The intervention consisted of a six-session workshop led by two trained peers. SPH was evaluated by administering the initial item of the SF-12 questionnaire at both baseline and six months post-intervention. To evaluate the variable “Change in SPH” [improvement; remained well; worsening/no improvement (reference category)], global and disaggregated by sex multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were applied. There were 332 participants (mean = 60.5 years; 33.6% were at risk of social vulnerability; 66.8% had low incomes). Among the participants, 22.9% reported an improvement in their SPH, without statistically significant sex-based differences, while 38.9% remained in good health. The global model showed age was linked to decreased “improvement” probability (RRRa = 0.96), and the “remaining well” likelihood drops with social risk (RRRa = 0.42). In men, the probability of “remaining well” decreased by having secondary/higher education (RRRa = 0.25) and increased by cohabitation (RRRa = 5.11). Women at social risk were less likely to report “remaining well” (RRRa = 0.36). In conclusion, six months after the intervention, 22.9% of the participants had improved SPH. Age consistently decreased the improvement in the different models.

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Section: Changes In Sph and Intermediate Social Determinants Of Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Chronic Disease Self-Management Program on the Self-Perceived Health of People in Areas of Social Vulnerability in Asturias, Spain

García-Ovejero,

Pisano-González,

Salcedo-Diego

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Differences in urban vs. non-urban trends in mortality from ischaemic heart disease and diabetes in Italy and Spain, 2003–19

Moreno,

Pulido,

Cea-Soriano

et al. 2024

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

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Aims In recent years, mortality from ischaemic heart disease and diabetes has decreased. There is an inequality in mortality reduction between urban and non-urban areas. This study aims to estimate the trend in mortality from ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus in urban and non-urban areas in Italy and Spain throughout the first two decades of the 21st century. Methods and results Deaths and population data by age and sex, according to the area of residence, were obtained from the National Institute of Statistics of Italy and National Institute of Statistics of Spain. The annual age-standardized mortality rates from ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus were calculated from 2003 to 2019 for each of the two areas of residence in both countries. The average annual percentage change (APC) in the mortality rate in each area was estimated using linear regression models and taking age-standardized mortality rates as a dependent variable. The mortality rates from both causes of death decreased between the beginning and the end of the period analysed. In Italy, the APC was −4.0 and −3.6% in the mortality rate from ischaemic heart disease and −1.5 and −1.3% in the mortality rate from diabetes mellitus in urban and non-urban areas, respectively. In Spain, the APC in was −4.4 and −3.7% in the mortality rate from ischaemic heart disease and −3.3 and −2.0% in the mortality rate from diabetes mellitus in urban and non-urban areas, respectively. Conclusion Mortality from both ischaemic heart disease and diabetes have shown a greater reduction in urban areas compared with non-urban areas since the first years of the 21st century in Spain and Italy.

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Influence of Nutrition, Lifestyle Habits, and Socio-Demographic Determinants on Eating Disorder Symptoms in the Spanish Young Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Survey

Sandri,

Sguanci,

Cantín Larumbe

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Eating disorders represent a complex and multifaceted public health challenge, highly prevalent among young people. Background and Objectives: To examine the prevalence of eating disorders in the Spanish young adult population aged 18–30 years, and their correlation with various eating habits and lifestyle factors. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was carried out using a non-probabilistic snowball sample. The valid and reliable NutSo-HH Scale was employed to collect data on nutrition, lifestyle, and health habits. Results: Data were collected from 9692 Spanish young adults, of which 101 (1.04%) were diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and 71 (0.73%) with bulimia nervosa. The prevalence of anorexia and bulimia was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in women than in men, regardless of socio-demographic variables such as educational level, income, region, and size of city of residence. A considerable percentage of participants showed possible symptoms of eating disorders. Nutritionally, individuals with eating disorders consumed less fast food and fried or ultra-processed food but tended to consume coffee and energy drinks more frequently. Additionally, sleep quality and duration were more adversely affected in individuals with eating disorders compared to the general population. Sedentary lifestyles did not significantly differ between those with eating disorders and healthy individuals, though physical activity increased in people with bulimia. Conclusions: The interplay between young adults’ dietary habits, lifestyle factors, and mental health underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions to effectively address these complex public health challenges.

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Rural-urban gradients and all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality in Spain using individual data

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Impact of Chronic Disease Self-Management Program on the Self-Perceived Health of People in Areas of Social Vulnerability in Asturias, Spain

Impact of Chronic Disease Self-Management Program on the Self-Perceived Health of People in Areas of Social Vulnerability in Asturias, Spain

Differences in urban vs. non-urban trends in mortality from ischaemic heart disease and diabetes in Italy and Spain, 2003–19

Influence of Nutrition, Lifestyle Habits, and Socio-Demographic Determinants on Eating Disorder Symptoms in the Spanish Young Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Survey

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