“…Production in the Russian Federation and Ukraine in particular was repeatedly hit by serious harvest failures due to severe droughts (Götz et al , , ), while droughts and harsh winters also frequently diminished wheat production in Kazakhstan (Fehér et al , ). The high vulnerability of the RUK region to adverse weather conditions can at least in part be attributed to a lack of general investment in the agricultural sector (for example in infrastructure, machinery or irrigation capacity), still relatively low levels of fertiliser use, and inconsistencies and uncertainties in the regulatory framework of the agro‐industrial sector (Kobuta et al , ; Müller et al , ; Schierhorn et al , ; Fehér et al , ; Keyzer et al , ; Sedik, ; Uzun et al , ). In addition, in years of harvest failure, RUK grain exports were further reduced by the implementation of temporary export restrictions by the governments of the RUK countries, increasing the entailed adverse effects on global food security by diminishing the world supply (Headey, ; Fellmann et al , ; Götz et al , ; Figure ).…”