Russian school contribution to the birth and development of neotectonics

Abstract

ZusammenfassungUntersuchungen jungtektonischer Bewegungen begannen am Ende des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts und sind verbunden mit den Namen yon Wissenschaftlern aus verschiedenen L~indern. Ein wertvoller Beitrag zur Entwicklung dieser Seite der Wissenschaft wurde yon der russischen Schule --beginnend mit den Arbeiten yon M. V. LOMONOSOV im XVIII. Jahrhundert --geleistet. Im neunzehnten Jahrhundert wurde diese Richtung erfo]greich dutch A. P. KARPINSKY und A. P. PAVLOV weitergefiihrt; Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts dann von V. A. OBRUCHEV, N. I. ANDI~USOV, A. D. ARKHANGELSKY, REINGARD. Neotektonische Studien entwickelten sich besonders w~ihrend der ,,sovietischen Xra". Dies geschah in Verbindung mit der industriellen Entwicklung des Landes.Die Arbeiten yon V. A. OBRUCHEV, G. F. MII~CHINK und anderen Wissenschaftlern dieser Periode leisteten einen groBen Beitrag zur Entstehung des neuen Wissenscha[tszweiges --Neotektonik. AbstractStudy of young tectonic movements began at the end of XIXth century and is connected with the names of scientists from various countries. A valuable contribution to development of this branch os science was made by Russian school beginning with works by M.V. LOMONOSOV in the XVIII century. In XIX century this trend was successfully developed by A. P. KAItPINSKY, A. ~P. PAVLOV, at the beginning of XXth century --V. A. OBRUCHEV, N. I. ANDRUSOV, A. D. ARKHANGELSKY, A. L. REINGARD. Study of neotectonics in the USSR spread especially widely in the Soviet period (20--40ies) owing to industrial development of the country. Works by V. A. OBIU:CH~V, G.F. MId-CHINK and other Soviet scientists of that period contributed much to formation of a new branch of science --neotectonics.

Looking for a Definition of Neotectonics

“…Looking for definitions of neotectonics one can find that it is 'the study of the young and recent movements only taking place at the end of the Tertiary and the first half of the Quaternary' (Obruchev, 1948, from Gerbova andTichomirov, 1982) or 'the study of rock deformation and dislocation during the Tertiary and the Quaternary' (Manzoni, 1968from Vita-Finzi, 1986). According to Bloom (1978, from Winslow, 1986 neotectonics 'means new, living, recent or active tectonics and encompasses Neogene to Recent brittle and ductile deformation'.…”

“…Although the study of young tectonic movements began at the end of the 19th century the term 'neotectonics' was used for the first time in 1948 by the Soviet geologist V.A. Obruchev (Gerbova and Tichomirov, 1982;Winslow, 1986), who recognized the importance of the recent and active geological processes and proposed a new independent branch of Geosciences. Other field researchers used similar terms e.g.…”

Neotectonic mountain uplift and geomorphology

“…It affects socalled Alpine mountains, mountains on passive continental margins, and those in deep continental interiors. The period of uplift is known as the Neotectonic Period, a term coined by Obruchev (1948) and discussed in more detail by Gerbova and Tikhomirov (1982), Mörner (1993) and Pain (2000, 2001). Neuendorf et al (2011) define neotectonics as "the study of the post-Miocene structures and structural history of the Earth's crust".…”

Morfoestrutura e Morfotectônica no Noroeste de Minas Gerais: o >i<graben>/i< holocênico do baixo Ribeirão Cotovelo e seu enquadramento na hidrogeomorfologia regional

“…O conceito de morfotectônica resulta de uma edificação lenta e progressiva, transcorrida ao longo do século XX, desenvolvida no contexto teórico da tectônica oscilatória mobilista germano-soviética (PENCK, 1924(PENCK, , 1953MESHCHERYAKOV, 1959;BELOUSSOV, 1962), com base conceitual sistematizada por Guerassimov 3 (1946;1959apud MESHCHERYAKOV, 1959 e Obruchev 4 (19484 ( apud MESHCHERYAKOV, 1959), e com base empírica enraizada nos levantamentos básicos da geologia e geomorfologia do território Russo, realizados nas primeiras décadas do século XX (MESHCHERYAKOV, 1959;GERBOVA;TIKHOMIROV, 1982;TRIFONOV, 1989). Somente no final da década de 1950 e durante a seguinte, os princípios do método foram traduzidos a partir do idioma russo e chegaram ao ocidente (MESHCHERYAKOV, 1959;FAIRBRIDGE, 1968;MESCERJAKOV, 1968;MESCHERIKOV, 1968;MESCHERIKOV, 1968;GERBOVA;TIKHOMIROV, 1982;TRIFONOV, 1989), onde se imbricaram com os novos princípios mobilistas empiricamente avaliados da teoria da tectônica de placas (SAADI, 1991). No Brasil, essa abordagem somente foi introduzida na década de 1980 (ABREU, 1982(ABREU, , 1983ROSS, 1990).…”