“…This well known result led to the introduction of a Fredholm theory relative to a Banach algebra homomorphism, see [11]. This theory has been developed by many authors, which have also studied other classes of objects such that Weyl, Browder and Riesz Banach algebra elements relative to a (not necessarily continuous) homomorphism, see for example [11,12,13,14,20,10,21,8,15,1,30,22,31,32].…”