Rutin-Enriched Extract from Coriandrum sativum L. Ameliorates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Hematopoietic Injury

Abstract

Hematopoietic injury is a major cause of mortality in radiation accidents and a primary side effect in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Ionizing radiation (IR)-induced myelosuppression is largely attributed to the injury of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Coriander is a culinary herb with multiple pharmacological effects and has been widely used in traditional medicine. In this study, flavonoids were identified as the main component of coriander extract with rutin being the leading compound (rutin-enriched coriander extract; RE-CE). We evaluated the radioprotective effect of RE-CE against IR-induced HSPCs injury. Results showed that RE-CE treatment markedly improved survival, ameliorated organ injuries and myelosuppression, elevated HSPCs frequency, and promoted differentiation and proliferation of HSPCs in irradiated mice. The protective role of RE-CE in hematopoietic injury is probably attributed to its anti-apoptotic and anti-DNA damage effect in irradiated HSPCs. Moreover, these changes were associated with reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced antioxidant enzymatic activities in irradiated HSPCs. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that RE-CE is able to ameliorate IR-induced hematopoietic injury partly by reducing IR-induced oxidative stress.

Natural Product Interventions for Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy-Induced Side Effects

“…Its extract can scavenge ROS and up-regulate endogenous cellular antioxidant system (Velaga et al, 2014 ; Zielniok et al, 2016 ). Recently, rutin-enriched coriander extract is found to ameliorate ionizing radiation-induced myelosuppression with improvement of the proliferation and differentiation ability of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in mice, probably by inhibiting apoptosis and DNA damage attributed to its scavenging ROS and activating antioxidant enzyme ability (Han et al, 2017a ). Theaflavin, one of the tea pigments from black tea, prevents the progression of inflammatory disorder, cancer, bacterial and viral infection, and ameliorates ionizing radiation-induced HSC injury in mice by regulating Nrf2 pathway to reduce oxidative stress (Han et al, 2017b ).…”

Radiation Protection and Mitigation by Natural Antioxidants and Flavonoids: Implications to Radiotherapy and Radiation Disasters

“…Also, studies indicated that rutin stimulates the production of antioxidant peptides and enzymes including SOD, GSH, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase [159]. Treatment with 50 mg/kg before irradiation with 4 Gy significantly ameliorated the toxic effects of ionizing radiation on bone marrow cells of mice, while a lower dose of 25 mg/kg has a slight effect [160]. Further studies are necessary to explain the mechanisms and possible radioprotective effects of rutin in different organs.…”

Isolation and Quantification of 2-O-Caffeoyl-hydroxycitric Acid, an Active Component in Hot Water Extracts of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), Which Inhibits Degranulation of RBL-2H3 Cells

“…The content of compound 1 in the freeze-dried coriander powder sample was calculated to be 2.0% via HPLC quantification. Previous studies have shown that flavonoid glycosides represent major components present in vegetative parts of coriander 19 ; coumarins are one of the characteristic constituents of coriander leaves 14,20 ; the presence of dihydroxycoumarin glycoside in coriander has been suggested using LC-MS/MS analysis,21 and the contents of dihydroxycoumarin and furanocoumarin glycosides are relatively high 14. However, these compounds were not the predominant components of the hot water extract in our tested coriander sample when compared to the amount of compound 1 .…”