Rydberg-Induced Solitons: Three-Dimensional Self-Trapping of Matter Waves

Maucher, Fabian; Henkel, Nils; Saffman, M.; Królikowski, Wiesław; Skupin, Stefan; Pohl, Thomas

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.106.170401

Cited by 138 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Quantum degeneracy was recently achieved for strontium atoms [54,55,56]. In contrast to alkali condensates, here Rydberg dressing using the Sr(5sns) states could be used to realize attractive effective ground state atom interactions, which, for example, may permit the creation of three-dimensional bright solitons [57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Many-body physics with alkaline-earth Rydberg lattices

Mukherjee

Millen

Nath

et al. 2011

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

110

121

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Abstract. We explore the prospects for confining alkaline-earth Rydberg atoms in an optical lattice via optical dressing of the secondary core valence electron. Focussing on the particular case of strontium, we identify experimentally accessible magic wavelengths for simultaneous trapping of ground and Rydberg states. A detailed analysis of relevant loss mechanisms shows that the overall lifetime of such a system is limited only by the spontaneous decay of the Rydberg state, and is not significantly affected by photoionization or autoionization. The van der Waals C 6 coefficients for the Sr(5sns 1 S 0 ) Rydberg series are calculated, and we find that the interactions are attractive. Finally we show that the combination of magic-wavelength lattices and attractive interactions could be exploited to generate many-body Greenberger-HorneZeilinger (GHZ) states.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Many-body physics with alkaline-earth Rydberg lattices

Mukherjee

Millen

Nath

et al. 2011

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

110

121

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“…In the presence of an axisymmetric nonlocal dipolar interaction [14] a 2D BEC soliton can be generated in a 1D harmonic [11] or a 1D optical-lattice [12] trap. Maucher et al [15] suggested that for Rydberg atoms, offresonant dressing to Rydberg nD states can provide a nonlocal long-range attraction which can form a 3D matter-wave droplet. In this Letter we demonstrate that a tiny repulsive three-body interaction can avoid collapse and form a stable self-bound dipolar droplet in 3D [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statics and dynamics of a self-bound dipolar matter-wave droplet

Adhikari¹

2016

Laser Phys. Lett.

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Abstract.We study the statics and dynamics of a stable, mobile, self-bound three-dimensional dipolar matter-wave droplet created in the presence of a tiny repulsive three-body interaction. In frontal collision with an impact parameter and in angular collision at large velocities along all directions two droplets behave like quantum solitons. Such collision is found to be quasi elastic and the droplets emerge undeformed after collision without any change of velocity. However, in a collision at small velocities the axisymmeric dipolar interaction plays a significant role and the collision dynamics is sensitive to the direction of motion. For an encounter along the z direction at small velocities, two droplets, polarized along the z direction, coalesce to form a larger droplet − a droplet molecule. For an encounter along the x direction at small velocities, the same droplets stay apart and never meet each other due to the dipolar repulsion. The present study is based on an analytic variational approximation and a numerical solution of the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation using the parameters of 52 Cr atoms.

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“…In addition to the blockade effect for on-resonant excitations [13][14][15][16], one can also apply a far-detuned weak field (see Fig1 (a)) to generate an effective Rydberg-dressed interaction (RDI), which replaces the short-ranged Lennard-Jones potential by a soft core with finite interaction range (see in Fig1(b)) [17][18][19]. Theoretical calculations show that a repulsive RDI in a Bose gas may lead to a supersolid droplet phase [18][19][20][21][22], while an attractive RDI induces a 3D bright soliton [23]. For a Rydberg Fermi gas, some topological phases are also predicted for an attractive [24] or repulsive interaction in a optical lattice near half-filling [25].…”

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confidence: 99%

Emergence of a Metallic Quantum Solid Phase in a Rydberg-Dressed Fermi Gas

Hsieh

Mou

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We examine possible low-temperature phases of a repulsively Rydberg-dressed Fermi gas in a three-dimensional free space. It is shown that the collective density excitations develop a roton minimum, which is softened at a wavevector smaller than the Fermi wavevector when the particle density is above a critical value. The mean field calculation shows that unlike the insulating charge density waves states often observed in conventional condensed matters, a self-assembled metallic density wave state emerges at low temperatures. In particular, the density wave state supports a Fermi surface and a body-center-cubic crystal order at the same time with the estimated critical temperature being about one-tenth of the non-interacting Fermi energy. Our results suggest the emergency of a fermionic quantum solid that should be observable in current experimental setup.Introduction: It is well known that the system of repulsively interacting Fermi gases is mainly controlled by the celebrated Fermi liquid (FL) theory [1]. The breakdown of the FL theory can lead to exotic self-organizing orders even without the presence of lattice potentials. For example, in the strong interaction regime, the ground state may become unstable to a nematic state by breaking the rotational symmetry via a Fermi surface distortion (Pomeranchuk instability, PI [2]). For systems of a long-ranged Coulomb/dipolar interaction, it is known that particles can be "frozen" locally without exchanging their positions and form a classical crystal with one particle per site in the dilute/dense limit [3][4][5]. In another extreme situations, such as high density 3 He under pressure, the ground state can be even turned from the Fermi liquid into a quantum solid [6,7], where particles self-assemble crystal order but are still intrinsically restless and exchanging their positions even at the absolute zero of temperature.However, in the traditional condensed matter systems, these interesting phases (nematic state, classical crystal, or quantum solid) cannot be achievable easily because the interaction strength has to be strong enough to compete with the Fermi energy. On the other hand, in the system of Rydberg atoms, the length scale and strength of the effective inter-atom interaction can be manipulated easily by external fields [8][9][10][11][12]. In addition to the blockade effect for on-resonant excitations [13][14][15][16], one can also apply a far-detuned weak field (see Fig1 (a)) to generate an effective Rydberg-dressed interaction (RDI), which replaces the short-ranged Lennard-Jones potential by a soft core with finite interaction range (see in Fig1(b)) [17][18][19]. Theoretical calculations show that a repulsive RDI in a Bose gas may lead to a supersolid droplet phase [18][19][20][21][22], while an attractive RDI induces a 3D bright soliton [23]. For a Rydberg Fermi gas, some topological phases are also predicted for an attractive [24] or repulsive interaction in a optical lattice near half-filling [25].In this paper, we demonstrate that a self-assembled meta...

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Rydberg-Induced Solitons: Three-Dimensional Self-Trapping of Matter Waves

Cited by 138 publications

References 26 publications

Many-body physics with alkaline-earth Rydberg lattices

Many-body physics with alkaline-earth Rydberg lattices

Statics and dynamics of a self-bound dipolar matter-wave droplet

Emergence of a Metallic Quantum Solid Phase in a Rydberg-Dressed Fermi Gas

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