Ryegrass establishment and yield in relation to pesticide treatment, irrigation and fertiliser level

Spaull, A. M.; Clements, R. O.; Ridout, Martin S.; Mewton, P. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1986.tb05327.x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…Even so, some 20 years' absence of earthworms did not lead to catastrophic yield loss. As recorded in previous work, pesticide use on established grassland had its greatest effect when, as in 1976, grass plants were subjected to drought stress (Spaull et al 1986).…”

Section: Discussion a N D C O N C L U S I O N Ssupporting

confidence: 60%

Herbage yield and botanical composition over 20 years of a predominantly ryegrass sward treated frequently with phorate pesticide and three rates of nitrogen fertilizer

Clements¹,

Murray²,

Bentley³

et al. 1990

J. Agric. Sci.

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SUMMARYPlots at Hurley, UK, sown to perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in 1968 were given 188, 376 or 752 kg N fertilizer/ha per year. Half of each plot at the lowest and highest rate of N fertilizer was given a severe pesticide (phorate) treatment at frequent intervals. Plots were cut and their herbage yield was assessed on five occasions during each of the following 20 years. There was no indication of a long-term decline in total annual herbage yield at any rate of N fertilizer use. The severe pesticide regime enhanced yield by an average of 14·6%/year during the first 11 years, but tended to have little effect or to reduce yields subseque7tly. Initially (1969) all treatment plots comprised at least 85% perennial ryegrass, but this proportion declined to between 67% (medium N) and 40% (high N) by 1989. Apart from ryegrass, the main sward components were species of the grasses Agrostis, Poa, and Elymus and traces of the broad-leaved species Stellaria media and Taraxacum officinale.

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Section: Discussion a N D C O N C L U S I O N Ssupporting

confidence: 60%

Herbage yield and botanical composition over 20 years of a predominantly ryegrass sward treated frequently with phorate pesticide and three rates of nitrogen fertilizer

Clements¹,

Murray²,

Bentley³

et al. 1990

J. Agric. Sci.

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Ecological consequences of arthropod grazing on VA mycorrhizal fungi

McGonigle

Fitter

1988

Proc., Sect. B Biol. sci.

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SynopsisSoil Collembola may be partially responsible for observed reductions in effectiveness of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) associations in the field, compared with sterile soil experiments. Feeding damage to hyphae in soil is envisaged as a mechanism by which translocation of phosphorous from beyond root depletion zones to the plants is reduced. Previous work has demonstrated such effects in pots and in a cultivated field plot, and direct observation of feeding has been made. This paper briefly reviews this evidence and presents an experiment in which insecticide reduced the density of Collembola in a seminatural grassland soil, and increased phosphorus inflow into roots of Holcus lanatus. In addition, survey data are reported which show that hyphal grazing is ecologically feasible, as Collembola and infected roots are spatially associated with one another in the soil profile. It is suggested that hyphal grazing by these arthropods has important consequences for VAM function in natural vegetation systems.

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Influence of reduced agrochemical inputs on plant‐parasitic nematodes

Boag¹,

Rodger²,

Wright³

et al. 1998

Annals of Applied Biology

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Plant-parasitic nematodes were monitored in the multidisciplinary TALISMAN (Towards a Lower Input System Minimising Agrochemicals and Nitrogen) experiment undertaken at ADAS experimental sites at Boxworth, Drayton and High Mowthorpe, England (1990-1 994). The treatments compared standard and alternative rotations, reduced and full herbicide application and full and half rate nitrogen at all three sites. After 6 yr, results showed no evidence of either a positive or negative impact of the reduced application of agrochemicals on the non-target plant-parasitic nematode populations. Greatest differences were the unexplained year to year variability in nematode numbers. . 19766. Long term effects of paraquatdiquat and additional weed control treatments on some physical, biological and respiratory properties of a soil previously under grass.

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Ryegrass establishment and yield in relation to pesticide treatment, irrigation and fertiliser level

Abstract: The effects of irrigation, four fertiliser rates, fungicide, insecticide +

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Herbage yield and botanical composition over 20 years of a predominantly ryegrass sward treated frequently with phorate pesticide and three rates of nitrogen fertilizer

Herbage yield and botanical composition over 20 years of a predominantly ryegrass sward treated frequently with phorate pesticide and three rates of nitrogen fertilizer

Ecological consequences of arthropod grazing on VA mycorrhizal fungi

Influence of reduced agrochemical inputs on plant‐parasitic nematodes

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