S-(1,2-Dicarboxyethyl)glutathione and Glutathione in Lens and Liver of Naphthalene-Treated Rabbits

Abstract

Summary:The determination of S-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)glutathione and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the rabbit lens and liver was developed using an isotachophoretic analyser.The recovery of S-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)GSH from the rabbit liver after ion-exchange treatment was 96.8 ± 11.3% (n = 3). The contents of S-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)GSH in the rabbit lens and liver were 219.9 ± 29.1 (n = 5) and 44.0 ± 13.5 (n = 8) nmol/g, respectively.The contents of S-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)GSH in the lens and GSH in the lens and liver of naphthalene-treated rabbits was also determined by this method 24 hours after naphthalene administration, at which time the axial opacity "spichen" was observed at the equatorial region of the lens. The content of S-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)GSH in the lens decreased in proportion to the content of GSH.During the further development of true lens opacity after naphthalene administration, the S-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)GSH content further compared with that in the spichen stage, but the S-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)GSH content of the lens that did not develop true opacity after naphthalene administration returned to the normal level. The change of S-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)GSH content of the lens in the spichen and true opacity stages coincided with that of GSH content.On the other hand, the content of GSH of the liver decreased markedly until 24 hours after naphthalene administration, then returned to normal, irrespective of whether true opacity did or did not subsequently develop.

Spatial distributions of glutathione and its endogenous conjugates in normal bovine lens and a model of lens aging

“…Since malate is a product of the citric acid cycle it is likely to be abundant in a molecular oxygen-rich environment such as the cortex during HBO treatment. The role of S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)glutathione has been investigated in cataract formation in galactose-fed rats (Tsuboi et al, 1984) and naphthalene-treated rabbits (Takemura et al, 1996), where it was proposed as a potential anti-cataract compound since its levels declined with formation of initial opacities, but recovered in lenses that recovered transparency. Our results suggest an increase in S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)glutathione in response to a cataractogenic insult, which is in contrast to the galactose- and naphthalene-induced cataracts.…”

Morphological characteristics of a dimorphic pair of Albaillella sinuata Ishiga and Watase: Dimorphism in the lineage of the Permian Albaillellaria (Radiolaria)

“…Albaillellidae Spinodefladrella? sinuata Albaillella sinuata Plate 4, Figure 4, Ishiga et al 1982a;Figure 4.7-17, Ito and Matsuoka, 2015b;Plate 4, Figures 9 and 10, Ujiié and Oba, 1991;Plate 1, Figures 5-7, Xia and Zhang, 1998;Figure 6.2, Zhang, Xia, and Shao, 2002 Spinodefladrella asymmetrica Albaillella asymmetrica Plate 3, Figures 10 and 11, Ishiga et al 1982a Neoalbaillella optima Neoalbaillella optima Plate 1, Figure 32, Kuwahara and Yao, 1998; Plate 1, Figure 5, Sashida, Salyapongse, and Nakornsri, 2000; Figure 3.10, Wu and Feng, 2008;Figure 8.11-17, Wu, Feng, Gui, and Liu, 2010; Plate 1, Figure 12, Zhu et al 2006 Neoalbaillella pseudogrypa Neoalbaillella pseudogrypa Plate 1, Figure 12, Takemura et al, 2009 Neoalbaillella sp. a Neoalbaillella sp.…”

“…The shell height of the normal type is greater than that of the swollen type (Figure 7b). The slopes of the linear relationships between shell height and slimness value differ between the normal and swollen types (Figure 7b Ito, Gu, Ai, & Feng, 2017;Kuwahara & Yao, 1998;Takemura, Ueshima, Miyake, Takemura, & Yamakita, 2009), the swollen-type specimen is unknown.…”