S-100β protects cultured neurons against glutamate- and staurosporine-induced damage and is involved in the antiapoptotic action of the 5 HT1A-receptor agonist, Bay x 3702

Ahlemeyer, Barbara; Beier, Holger; Semkova, Irina; Schaper, Christine; Krieglstein, Josef

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02438-5

Cited by 162 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In the first series of experiments, we analyzed the effects of increasing doses of S100B on myoblast fusion and calculated the myogenic index, i.e., the fraction of nuclei residing in cells containing Ն3 nuclei after staining with MayGrünwald Giemsa, as a measure of myoblast fusion. Upon visual inspection, myotube formation was found to be significantly reduced in the presence of 100 nM S100B (i.e., an S100B concentration that induces neurons to differentiate and astrocytes to proliferate [2,3,6,7,20,21,23,39,47]) and completely blocked in the presence of 5 M S100B (Fig. 1A to C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The S100B content of FBS and myoblast conditioned media was measured by two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as described previously (2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S100B has been shown to interact with neurons, astrocytes, and microglia and to exert various effects on these cells depending on its concentration. S100B has also been shown to enhance neuronal survival and stimulate neurite outgrowth and astrocyte proliferation at nanomolar concentrations (2,3,6,7,16,20,21,23,39,47) and to cause neuronal and astrocyte apoptosis and stimulate interleukin-6 secretion by neurons and nitric oxide release by astrocytes and microglia at micromolar concentrations (1, 18-20, 25, 27, 31). Therefore, S100B has been hypothesized to play roles in brain development and neuronal protection (2,3,6,7,16,20,21,23,39,47) and in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders (15,20,30,40,41), depending on the concentration attained in the extracellular space.…”

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S100B Inhibits Myogenic Differentiation and Myotube Formation in a RAGE-Independent Manner

Sorci

Riuzzi

Agneletti

et al. 2003

Molecular and Cellular Biology

109

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S100B is a Ca2؉ -modulated protein of the EF-hand type with both intracellular and extracellular roles. S100B, which is most abundant in the brain, has been shown to exert trophic and toxic effects on neurons depending on the concentration attained in the extracellular space. S100B is also found in normal serum, and its serum concentration increases in several nervous and nonnervous pathological conditions, suggesting that S100B-expressing cells outside the brain might release the protein and S100B might exert effects on nonnervous cells. We show here that at picomolar to nanomolar levels, S100B inhibits myogenic differentiation of rat L6 myoblasts via inactivation of p38 kinase with resulting decrease in the expression of the myogenic differentiation markers, myogenin, muscle creatine kinase, and myosin heavy chain, and reduction of myotube formation. Although myoblasts express the multiligand receptor RAGE, which has been shown to transduce S100B effects on neurons, S100B produces identical effects on myoblasts overexpressing either full-length RAGE or RAGE lacking the transducing domain. This suggests that S100B affects myoblasts by interacting with another receptor and that RAGE is not the only receptor for S100B. Our data suggest that S100B might participate in the regulation of muscle development and regeneration by inhibiting crucial steps of the myogenic program in a RAGE-independent manner. S100B, a member of a multigenic family of Ca 2ϩ -regulated proteins of the EF-hand type, is highly abundant in astrocytes and is expressed in relatively large amounts in a variety of nonneural cell types (for reviews, see references 12, 13, and 36). Besides being implicated in the Ca 2ϩ -dependent regulation of several intracellular activities (12, 13, 36), S100B is released by astrocytes into the extracellular space (45) and is also found in serum (13). S100B has been shown to interact with neurons, astrocytes, and microglia and to exert various effects on these cells depending on its concentration. S100B has also been shown to enhance neuronal survival and stimulate neurite outgrowth and astrocyte proliferation at nanomolar concentrations (2,3,6,7,16,20,21,23,39,47) and to cause neuronal and astrocyte apoptosis and stimulate interleukin-6 secretion by neurons and nitric oxide release by astrocytes and microglia at micromolar concentrations (1, 18-20, 25, 27, 31). Therefore, S100B has been hypothesized to play roles in brain development and neuronal protection (2,3,6,7,16,20,21,23,39,47) and in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders (15,20,30,40,41), depending on the concentration attained in the extracellular space. Trophic effects of S100B on neurons have been shown to depend on activation of the transcription factor NF-B (3). The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a multiligand receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily (for reviews, see references 37 and 38), has been shown to bind S100B (17) and to mediate the effects of both low and high levels of S100B on a neuronal cell line (20...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The S100B content of FBS and myoblast conditioned media was measured by two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as described previously (2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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S100B Inhibits Myogenic Differentiation and Myotube Formation in a RAGE-Independent Manner

Sorci

Riuzzi

Agneletti

et al. 2003

Molecular and Cellular Biology

109

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“…Examples of S-100b actions include roles in synaptogenesis (Mazer et al, 1997;Wilson et al, 1998), dendritic development (Whitaker- Azmitia et al, 1997;Yan et al, 1997), and apoptosis (Huttunen et al, 2000;Ahlemeyer et al, 2000;Brewton et al, 2001) as well as a specific role as a neurotrophic factor for serotonergic neurons (Azmitia et al, 1990;Liu and Lauder, 1992;Whitaker-Azmitia, 2001). Interestingly, S100b is found in humans on chromosome 21 within what is referred to as the obligate region for Down syndrome (DS) (Allore et al, 1988), and levels of S-100b are in fact increased in the brain (Royston et al, 1999) and blood (Kato et al, 1990) of subjects with DS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harm Avoidance, Anxiety, and Response to Novelty in the Adolescent S-100β Transgenic Mouse: Role of Serotonin and Relevance to Down Syndrome

Bell

Shokrian

Potenzieri

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

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S-100b is an astroglial-derived protein, which plays a role in brain development and maintenance, and is known to play a specific role in the regulation of growth of the serotonergic neuronal system. In humans, the gene for S-100b is found on chromosome 21, within the region that is considered important for the phenotype of Down syndrome (DS). Thus, we have been studying a model of DS, the S-100b transgenic mouse. In the current study, we have examined anxiety and responses to novelty in adolescent (60-90 days) animals, at a time when we have shown the animals to be relatively lacking in serotonin innervation, compared to their CD-1 nontransgenic controls. In a test for approach/avoidance, the light/dark test, the S-100b transgenic mice animals showed no differences from control CD-1 mice. However, in the hole-board test for exploratory behavior, the S-100b animals were found to be less responsive to the inhibiting effects of the serotonin receptor 5-HT1A agonist, buspirone. Three tests were used to measure response to novelty. In the open field, the S100b animals showed greater activity longer than the control animals, and in the Y-maze test, the S-100b animals spent more time in the novel arm. In a test for novelty-induced gnawing, the S-100b animals were also more active than control animals. All of these suggest that the S-100b transgenic mice are slower to habituate to novelty than control animals. Finally, we tested the animals in a new procedure that we are proposing as a test for harm avoidance. In this apparatus, the S-100b animals showed more approaches to a novel and potentially harmful object than the control mice did. These results are discussed in reference to the known lack of serotonin in the animals, and to the behavioral phenotype of DS.

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“…S-100B normal konsantrasyonlarda glutamat toksisitesine karşı koruyucu olabilir (19). Ancak yüksek seviyelerde nöronal hasarı artırabilir (20). Yüksek S-100B seviyesinin, santral sinir sistemi fonksiyon bozukluğunu veya hasarının göstergesi olabileceğini düşün-düren bulgular vardır (21).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evaluation of S-100B and Oxidative Status before and after Treatment in Children with Bacterial Meningitis

Abuhandan¹,

Çalık²,

Almaz³

et al. 2013

Klimik Dergisi

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ÖzetAmaç: Bakteriyel menenjitli hastaların tedavi öncesi ve sonrası serum ve beyin-omurilik sıvısı (BOS)'nda total oksidan, total antioksidan ve S-100B değerlerinde olası değişikliklerin araştı-rılması amaçlandı. Yöntemler: Bakteriyel menenjit tanısıyla hastaneye yatırılan 25 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalardan yatışın ilk iki saati için-de ve 10 günlük tedavi sonrası kan ve BOS alındı. Tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası serum ve BOS'ta S-100B, total oksidan ve total antioksidan seviyeleri ölçülerek oksidatif stres indeksi (OSİ) hesaplandı. Bulgular: Tedavi öncesi serum total oksidan ve oksidatif stres indeks değerleri, tedavi sonrasına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunurken, total antioksidan ve S-100B değer-leri anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu. Hastaların BOS'unun tedavi öncesi total oksidan ve OSİ değerleri tedavi sonrasına göre anlamlı derecede düşük bulunurken, total antioksidan ve S-100B değerleri için anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. Sonuçlar: Tedavi sonrası klinik ve bakteriyolojik düzelme sağla-nan bakteriyel menenjitli hastalarda OSİ'de azalma görüldü. Ancak klinik ve bakteriyolojik düzelmeye rağmen S-100B değerleri tedavi sonrası yüksek bulundu. Bu durum akut bakteriyel menenjitli olgularda S-100B'deki biyokimyasal düzelmenin daha uzun bir süreç olacağını düşündürmektedir. Klimik Dergisi 2012; 25(2): 67-70.Anahtar Sözcükler: Çocuk, bakteri, menenjit, oksidatif durum, S-100B. AbstractObjective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the S-100B and oxidative status in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children with bacterial meningitis in both pre-and post-treatment periods. Methods: The study comprised 25 paediatric patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Blood and CSF were taken within the first 2 hours of hospitalization and on day 10 after treatment. Total oxidant and total antioxidant levels were measured and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated for serum and CSF in both pre-and post-treatment periods. Results: The pre-treatment serum total oxidant levels and OSI values were found to be at significantly higher levels compared to the post-treatment values, while the total antioxidant levels and S-100B values were significantly lower. The pre-treatment CSF total oxidant and OSI values were found to be at a significantly lower level compared to the post-treatment levels, whereas no significance was found in the total antioxidant and S-100B values. Conclusions: Following treatment, clinical and bacteriological improvement was observed together with a reduction in oxidative stress in patients with bacterial meningitis. Despite this clinical and bacteriological improvement, the high post-treatment values of S-100B as a biochemical marker indicate that biochemical improvement after acute bacterial meningitis may require a longer process. Klimik Dergisi 2012; 25(2): 67-70.

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S-100β protects cultured neurons against glutamate- and staurosporine-induced damage and is involved in the antiapoptotic action of the 5 HT1A-receptor agonist, Bay x 3702

Cited by 162 publications

References 49 publications

S100B Inhibits Myogenic Differentiation and Myotube Formation in a RAGE-Independent Manner

S100B Inhibits Myogenic Differentiation and Myotube Formation in a RAGE-Independent Manner

Harm Avoidance, Anxiety, and Response to Novelty in the Adolescent S-100β Transgenic Mouse: Role of Serotonin and Relevance to Down Syndrome

Evaluation of S-100B and Oxidative Status before and after Treatment in Children with Bacterial Meningitis

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