S100B and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Blood as Potential Markers of Blood–Brain Barrier Damage and Psychiatric Impairment in Comorbid Hepatitis C Viral Infection and Alcohol Use Disorder

Loftis, Jennifer M.; Valerio, Juno; Taylor, Jonathan; Huang, Elaine; Hudson, Rebekah; Taylor-Young, Patricia; Chang, Michael; Ho, Samuel B.; Dieperink, Eric; Miranda, Juan L; Hauser, Péter

doi:10.1111/acer.13796

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Subsequent to entering the brain, these inflammatory factors cause cell edema, affecting the function of synaptic connections, causing an inflammatory response in the CNS and leading to impairments of cognitive function. If the concentration of IL-1β in the hippocampus is high, it may affect the plasticity of the synapse, and thus affect long-term potentiation, resulting in impaired learning and memory (31). IL-1β and TNF-α can stimulate actin in cells other than intracranial neurons, leading to the regeneration of actin, which serves an important role in the process of neurodegenerative diseases (32,33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dexmedetomidine protects aged rats from postoperative cognitive dysfunction by alleviating hippocampal inflammation

Chen

Xie

et al. 2019

Mol Med Report

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The present study investigated the effect of dexmedetomidine on hippocampal inflammation and cognitive function in rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (Pocd). a total of 80 healthy male Sprague dawley rats were used, 72 of which developed Pocd. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: The control, model, low-dose and high-dose dexmedetomidine anesthesia groups. a Pocd model was established and dexmedetomidine was administered. cognitive function tests were performed and expression levels of interleukin 1β (il-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TnF-α) and nF-κB biomarkers were evaluated on the first, third and seventh day following modeling. The cognitive function of rats was measured using a Y-maze test. The expression levels of il-1β and TnF-α in the hippocampus were determined by eliSa. The protein expression levels of nF-κB p65 in the hippocampus were determined by western blotting. it was revealed that at 1, 3 and 7 days after surgery, there were no alterations in the exercise ability of rats in the different groups, as reflected by the number of rats passing the alternative arms in the Y-maze. on the first and third day after surgery, the cognitive dysfunction reflected by the alteration scores of the low-dose and high-dose dexmedetomidine anesthesia groups were significantly higher than those of the model group, and the increase in the high-dose group was more pronounced. additionally, on the first day after surgery, the expression levels of il-1β, TnF-α and nF-κB in the hippocampi of rats in the low-and high-dose dexmedetomidine anesthesia groups were significantly lower than those in the model group, and the decrease was more pronounced in the high-dose group. at 7 days after surgery, the differences in expression levels of il-1β, TnF-α and nF-κB in the hippocampus among groups were not identified to be statistically significantly different. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that dexmedetomidine may inhibit hippocampal inflammation induced by surgical trauma, and that dexmedetomidine may effectively improve postoperative cognitive function in rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dexmedetomidine protects aged rats from postoperative cognitive dysfunction by alleviating hippocampal inflammation

Chen

Xie

et al. 2019

Mol Med Report

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show abstract

“…As a glia-originated protein, S100B activates IL-1β production through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways ( 23 ). Studies have evaluated the ability of IL-8 and IL-10 combined with S100B as risk factors in alcohol use groups ( 24 ). But whether the interactions of S100B with different cytokines induce different affective diseases is still a question ( 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining S100B and Cytokines as Neuro-Inflammatory Biomarkers for Diagnosing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Proof-of-Concept Study Based on Machine Learning

et al. 2022

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IntroductionS100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) is a neurotrophic factor that regulates neuronal growth and plasticity by activating astrocytes and microglia through the production of cytokines involved in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). However, few studies have combined S100B and cytokines to explore their role as neuro-inflammatory biomarkers in GAD.MethodsSerum S100B and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10) of 108 untreated GAD cases and 123 healthy controls (HC) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) scores and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores were measured to evaluate anxiety and depression severity. This was used to help physicians identify persons having GAD. Machine learning techniques were applied for feature ordering of cytokines and S100B and the classification of persons with GAD and HC.ResultsThe serum S100B, IL-1β, and IL-2 levels of GAD cases were significantly lower than HC (P < 0.001), and the IL-4 level in persons with GAD was significantly higher than HC (P < 0.001). At the same time, IL-10 had no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.215). The feature ranking distinguishing GAD from HC using machine learning ranked the features in the following order: IL-2, IL-1β, IL-4, S100B, and IL-10. The accuracy of S100B combined with IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 in distinguishing persons with GAD from HC was 94.47 ± 2.06% using an integrated back propagation neural network based on a bagging algorithm (BPNN-Bagging).ConclusionThe serum S-100B, IL-1β, and IL-2 levels in persons with GAD were down-regulated while IL-4 was up-regulated. The combination of S100B and cytokines had a good diagnosis value in determining GAD with an accuracy of 94.47%. Machine learning was a very effective method to study neuro-inflammatory biomarkers interacting with each other and mediated by plenty of factors.

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“…Evidence supports a number of potential pathways (Faccioli et al, 2021) that are similar to those proposed in neuroHIV: One is the effect of chronic immune activation from the periphery (i.e., from viral replication in liver cells) leading to production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and activate changes in neurotransmission leading to neuropsychiatric disturbances (Loftis et al, 2018;Senzolo et al, 2011). Receptors for HCV have been identified on cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, suggesting that the blood-brain barrier may be a mode of direct viral entry into the CNS (Fletcher et al, 2012).…”

Section: Neuropathology Of Hcvmentioning

confidence: 77%

Infectious disorders: HIV, hepatitis C, and COVID-19 pandemics.

Cherner¹,

Saloner²,

Sundermann³

et al. 2023

APA Handbook of Neuropsychology, Volume 1: Neurobehavioral Disorders and Conditions: Accepted Science and Open Questions (Vol.

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S100B and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Blood as Potential Markers of Blood–Brain Barrier Damage and Psychiatric Impairment in Comorbid Hepatitis C Viral Infection and Alcohol Use Disorder

Cited by 18 publications

References 82 publications

Dexmedetomidine protects aged rats from postoperative cognitive dysfunction by alleviating hippocampal inflammation

Dexmedetomidine protects aged rats from postoperative cognitive dysfunction by alleviating hippocampal inflammation

Combining S100B and Cytokines as Neuro-Inflammatory Biomarkers for Diagnosing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Proof-of-Concept Study Based on Machine Learning

Infectious disorders: HIV, hepatitis C, and COVID-19 pandemics.

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