S1932 Effect of Nicotine On Innate Antiviral Pathways and HCV Replication

Yamashina, Shunhei; Mizui, Tomokazu; Kon, Kazuyoshi; Ikejima, Kenichi; Kitamura, Tsuneo; Takei, Yoshiyuki; Watanabe, Sumio

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(08)63674-4

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…There are two possible reasons for this. First, nicotine has both antibacterial (Zaidi et al 2012) and antiviral effects (Yamashina et al 2008) and so could improve honeybee health and survival. Alternatively, the life-extending effect of nicotine may reflect a process called stress response hormesis (reviewed in Gems & Partridge 2008), whereby exposure to mild stressors induces a cascade of stress responses, some of which are associated with elevated somatic maintenance.…”

Section: T H E M E C H a N I S T I C B A S I S O F N U T R I T I O N mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition affects survival in African honeybees exposed to interacting stressors

et al. 2014

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Summary1. Nutrition plays an important role in physiological stress resistance and by adjusting their intake of key nutrients, such as protein and carbohydrate, many animals can better resist stress. 2. Poor nutrition may contribute to the widespread and on-going declines of honeybee populations by increasing their vulnerability to abiotic (e.g. pesticides) and biotic (e.g. diseases) stressors. However, we do not know how nutrition affects stress resistance in social insects such as honeybees. 3. Here, we examined how exposure to the toxic secondary metabolite nicotine, a neurotoxin that shares structural similarities with the neonicotinoid pesticides, and low temperatures affected nutrient regulation in honeybees using the Geometric Framework of nutrition. 4. Groups of queenless, newly emerged worker bees were given diets containing specific ratios of protein and carbohydrate to determine, first, how toxin exposure and ambient temperature affected their nutrient intake and, secondly, how nutrition affected survival under stress. 5. We find that low temperatures and nicotine interacted to reduce survival in African honeybees that ate low protein, high carbohydrate diets. However, bees fed a high protein diet were better able to survive insult with these interacting stressors. 6. Although protein conferred a survival benefit in honeybees exposed to these dual stressors, when allowed to self-select their diet, caged workers did not shift their intake towards a higher protein food to improve their survival under these stressful conditions. 7. We discuss the possible constraints on nutrient regulation in honeybees and the role that diet could play in their decline.

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Section: T H E M E C H a N I S T I C B A S I S O F N U T R I T I O N mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition affects survival in African honeybees exposed to interacting stressors

et al. 2014

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“…Nicotine causes dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of various bacterial and fungal pathogens (Pavia et al, 2000), and has been shown to kill parasitoids in two caterpillar species (Barbosa et al, 1986). Nicotine also has antiviral effects, as shown for the hepatitis C virus, where the alkaloid inhibits viral replication (Yamashina et al, 2008). In a recent study, another nectar alkaloid, gelsemine, reduced infection by a protozoan pathogen (Crithidia bombi) in bumble bees (Manson et al, 2010).…”

Section: Effect Of Nectar Nicotine On Honeybee Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honeybees and nectar nicotine: Deterrence and reduced survival versus potential health benefits

Köhler

Pirk

Nicolson

2012

Journal of Insect Physiology

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Secondary metabolites produced by plants for herbivore defence are often found in floral nectar, but their effect on the foraging behaviour and physiological performance of pollinators is largely unknown. Nicotine is highly toxic to most herbivores, and nicotine-based insecticides may contribute to current pollinator declines. We examined the effects of nectar nicotine on honeybee foraging choices and worker longevity. Free-flying honeybee (Apis mellifera scutellata) workers from six colonies were given a choice between multiple nicotine concentrations (0-1000 µM) in artificial nectar (0.15-0.63 M sucrose). The dose-dependent deterrent effect of nicotine was stronger in lower sugar concentrations, but even the highest nicotine concentrations did not completely repel honeybees, i.e. bees did not stop feeding on these diets. Nicotine in nectar acts as a partial repellent, which may keep pollinators moving between plants and enhance crosspollination. In the second part of the study, newly emerged workers from 12 colonies were caged and fed one of four nicotine concentrations (0-300 µM) in 0.63 M sucrose for 21 days. Moderate (≤30 µM) nicotine concentrations had no significant detrimental effect, but high nicotine concentrations reduced the survival of caged workers and their nectar storage in the honey comb.In contrast, worker groups that survived poorly on sugar-only diets demonstrated increased survival on all nicotine diets. In the absence of alternative nectar sources, honeybees tolerate naturally occurring nectar nicotine concentrations; and low concentrations can even be beneficial to honeybees. However, high nicotine concentrations may have a detrimental effect on colony fitness.

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Simultaneous stressors: Interactive effects of an immune challenge and dietary toxin can be detrimental to honeybees

Köhler

Pirk

Nicolson

2012

Journal of Insect Physiology

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S1932 Effect of Nicotine On Innate Antiviral Pathways and HCV Replication

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Nutrition affects survival in African honeybees exposed to interacting stressors

Nutrition affects survival in African honeybees exposed to interacting stressors

Honeybees and nectar nicotine: Deterrence and reduced survival versus potential health benefits

Simultaneous stressors: Interactive effects of an immune challenge and dietary toxin can be detrimental to honeybees

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