ABSTRACT. This study aimed to investigate the effects of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (MitoK ATP ) channel opening on the translocation of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε). In addition, we aimed to determine the relationship between PKCε translocation and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PKCε protein expression in cultured adult rat ventricular myocytes was investigated by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Diazoxide (DZ), a selective MitoK ATP channel activator, caused a significant translocation to myofibrillar-like structures in cultured adult rat ventricular myocytes. N-2-Mercaptopropionylglycine, a free radical scavenger, could partially inhibit the translocation of PKCε induced by DZ. By contrast, chelerythrine, a selective PKC inhibitor, could completely block the translocation of PKCε induced by DZ. The opening of MitoK ATP channels might activate and cause PKCε to translocate into myofibrillar-like structures. PKCε activation occurred downstream of the MitoK ATP channel, possibly as a result of ROS production that 4517 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 13 (2): 4516-4522 (2014) MitoK ATP channels and PKCε translocation occurred after the MitoK ATP channels opened.