Sa1988 The Effect of Bowel Preparation on the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Subjects and in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Shobar, Rima; Keshavarzian, Ali; Losurdo, John; Swanson, Garth; DeMeo, Mark T.; Melson, Joshua; Engen, Philip A.; Velineni, Suresh; Mutlu, Ece

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(14)61257-9

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, there have also been some studies that suggest laxatives are not a risk factor for developing CDIs (62,63). Although, it is unclear whether laxatives impact CDI susceptibility in human paitents, it is clear that laxatives also have a transient impact on the human microbiota (13,(64)(65)(66)(67). Additional studies to examine the relationship between laxatives, C. difficile colonization, and CDIs are warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An osmotic laxative renders mice susceptible to prolonged Clostridioides difficile colonization and hinders clearance

Tomkovich

Taylor

King

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Antibiotics are a major risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) because of their impact on the microbiota. However, non-antibiotic medications such as the ubiquitous osmotic laxative polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350 also alter the microbiota. Clinicians also hypothesize that PEG helps clear C. difficile. But whether PEG impacts CDI susceptibility and clearance is unclear. To examine how PEG impacts susceptibility, we treated C57Bl/6 mice with 5-day and 1-day doses of 15% PEG in the drinking water and then challenged the mice with C. difficile 630. We used clindamycin-treated mice as a control because they consistently clear C. difficile within 10 days post-challenge. PEG treatment alone was sufficient to render mice susceptible and 5-day PEG-treated mice remained colonized for up to 30 days post-challenge. In contrast, 1-day PEG treated mice were transiently colonized, clearing C. difficile within 7 days post-challenge. To examine how PEG treatment impacts clearance, we administered a 1-day PEG treatment to clindamycin-treated, C. difficile-challenged mice. Administering PEG to mice after C. difficile challenge prolonged colonization up to 30 days post-challenge. When we trained a random forest model with community data from 5 days post-challenge, we were able to predict which mice would exhibit prolonged colonization (AUROC = 0.90). Examining the dynamics of these bacterial populations during the post-challenge period revealed patterns in the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Enterobacteriaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Akkermansia that were associated with prolonged C. difficile colonization in PEG-treated mice. Thus, the osmotic laxative, PEG, rendered mice susceptible to C. difficile colonization and hindered clearance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An osmotic laxative renders mice susceptible to prolonged Clostridioides difficile colonization and hinders clearance

Tomkovich

Taylor

King

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…While several groups raised this issue, the magnitude and nature of this effect is still poorly studied and yielded some conflicting results. [ 93–96 ] We have observed that the substantial fluid flow along the gut, induced by bowel preparation, masked potential microbial differences between different gut segments and between inflamed and non‐inflamed area within the same IBD patient, indicating some of the issues arising from bowel preparation.…”

Section: The Role Of the Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Quality Standards Should Be Applied in Clinical and Laboratory Studies?

Rogler

Scharl

Spalinger

et al. 2021

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Many patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) follow restrictive diets, as many respective recommendations circulate. Efforts are made to evaluate and summarize the published information, for example, in a recent consensus manuscript by the International Organization for the Study of IBD (IOIBD). However, the standards that should be applied to make claims about dietary effects are poorly defined. In this manuscript, the scientific basis of recommendations for nutritional interventions in IBD is analyzed. Epidemiological evidence on diet in IBD is always biased by numerous factors, and the number of robust dietary intervention studies is limited due to methodological difficulties. Therefore, animal models are used to test hypotheses with respect to dietary factors and intestinal inflammation. Naturally, animal models have limitations, and knowledge of key characteristics of colitis animal models is crucial to understand their advantages and disadvantages. In recent years the important role of the microbiota for IBD and dietary factors has been discovered. Microbiota data are added to many publications on IBD and nutrition. The quality of those data varies largely. Subsequently, quality standards for microbiota analyses also are discussed. Finally, quality requirements to be applied on recommendations for dietary changes in patients with IBD are suggested.

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Sa1988 The Effect of Bowel Preparation on the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Subjects and in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

An osmotic laxative renders mice susceptible to prolonged Clostridioides difficile colonization and hinders clearance

An osmotic laxative renders mice susceptible to prolonged Clostridioides difficile colonization and hinders clearance

Diet and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Quality Standards Should Be Applied in Clinical and Laboratory Studies?

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