Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Oenococcus oeni immobilized in different layers of a cellulose/starch gel composite for simultaneous alcoholic and malolactic wine fermentations

Microbial Resources and Innovation in the Wine Production Sector

“…Many different carriers have been proposed for the immobilisation of yeasts and bacteria for wine making, including inorganic and organic materials, mainly polysaccharides, and natural products such as cellulosic materials, cereal grains and pieces of fruit (e.g. Servetas et al, 2013;Bleve et al, 2016 With reference to yeast immobilisation, the use of corn grains (Kandylis et al, 2012) as supports for S. cerevisiae immobilisation was found to be efficient during both ambient and low-temperature fermentation processes. These systems showed good operational stability during repeated batch fermentations of grape must, even at extremely low temperatures.…”

“…This study showed the protection of immobilised cells against the inhibitory effect of ethanol and SO 2 . Furthermore, the coimmobilisation of S. cerevisiae and O. oeni, on wheat starch gel and tubular delignified cellulosic material respectively, was evaluated for simultaneous AF and MLF (Servetas et al, 2013). The biocatalyst was effective for simultaneous, low-temperature (10°C) wine fermentations.…”

Tubular cellulose/starch gel composite as food enzyme storehouse

“…Recently composite materials derived from bio-based sources have attracted great attention due to growing concerns for sustainability and environmental protection. Specifically, efforts have been made to produce composite materials based on biodegradable polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (Brzezinski & Biela, 2014;Kumar et al, 2014), poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (Loureiro, Esteves, Viana, & Ghosh, 2014), starch (Gilfillan, Moghaddam, & Doherty, 2014;Servetas et al, 2013), and cellulose (Miao & Hamad, 2013). Cellulosic materials have several advantages; they are biodegradable, CO 2 neutral, abundant, versatile, and cheap.…”

“…Another interesting application of starch, as well as cellulose and other biopolymers, is the development of composites for co-immobilization of different microorganisms in order to simultaneously conduct different bioprocesses into the same bioreactor, thus leading to reduction of production and investment costs. For example, a composite of TC with starch gel (SG) was produced for simultaneous alcoholic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae entrapped in SG) and malolactic (Oenococcus oeni entrapped in TC) fermentation of wine (Servetas et al, 2013). The deposition of SG into the TC tubes reduces the dimensions of the TC tubes, which in combination with the removal of the lignin portion from TC, creates a material with micro-and nano-scale porosity (Koutinas et al, 2012;Servetas et al, 2013).…”

“…For example, a composite of TC with starch gel (SG) was produced for simultaneous alcoholic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae entrapped in SG) and malolactic (Oenococcus oeni entrapped in TC) fermentation of wine (Servetas et al, 2013). The deposition of SG into the TC tubes reduces the dimensions of the TC tubes, which in combination with the removal of the lignin portion from TC, creates a material with micro-and nano-scale porosity (Koutinas et al, 2012;Servetas et al, 2013). Following the above works, the two-layer TC/SG composite biocatalyst was considered interesting for the immobilization of enzymes.…”