Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid enhanced the antioxidant capacity in skin fibroblasts

Abstract

In this study, fermented hyaluronic acid (FHA) was obtained by fermentation of HA with molecular weight between 120 and 130W with two strains of Saccharomyces cerevicae (CICC 1308 and CICC 1747). Active substance content and spectral analysis revealed a substantial decrease in FHA molecular weight, accompanied by changes in monosaccharide composition, yet the chemical structure of FHA remained unchanged. Secondly, FHA exhibited a strong ability to scavenge DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. In H2O2-induced human skin fibroblasts (HSF), FHA was found to enhance superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities while reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Pretreated FHA could regulate the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 through the Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 signaling pathway, thereby regulating the transcription of downstream genes and the expression of antioxidant enzymes. These findings indicate that FHA possesses antioxidant properties, making it a valuable natural ingredient in cosmetics for safeguarding skin health.