Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG 905 protects against bacterial translocation, preserves gut barrier integrity and stimulates the immune system in a murine intestinal obstruction model

Abstract

Probiotic is a preparation containing microorganisms that confers beneficial effect to the host. This work assessed whether oral treatment with viable or heat-killed yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG 905 prevents bacterial translocation (BT), intestinal barrier integrity, and stimulates the immunity, in a murine intestinal obstruction (IO) model. Four groups of mice were used: mice undergoing only laparotomy (CTL), undergoing intestinal obstruction (IO) and undergoing intestinal obstruction after previous treatment with viable or heat-killed yeast. BT, determined as uptake of (99m)Tc-E. coli in blood, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen and lungs, was significantly higher in IO group than in CTL group. Treatments with both yeasts reduced BT in blood and all organs investigated. The treatment with both yeasts also reduced intestinal permeability as determined by blood uptake of (99m)Tc-DTPA. Immunological data demonstrated that both treatments were able to significantly increase IL-10 levels, but only viable yeast had the same effect on sIgA levels. Intestinal lesions were more severe in IO group when compared to CTL and yeasts groups. Concluding, both viable and heat-killed cells of yeast prevent BT, probably by immunomodulation and by maintaining gut barrier integrity. Only the stimulation of IgA production seems to depend on the yeast viability.

Oral treatment with Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG 905 modulates immune responses and interferes with signal pathways involved in the activation of inflammation in a murine model of typhoid fever

“…We have previously demonstrated that S. cerevisiae 905 had a potential for probiotic use because of its ability to survive in the mammal gastrointestinal tract and to protect mice against S. Typhimurium and C. difficile infections in mice (Martins et al, 2005) as well as to inhibit bacterial translocation and to modulate both local and systemic immunity (Martins et al, 2007;Generoso et al, 2010). The present study confirms this potential and presents some of the mechanisms which can explain the protective effect of the yeast in a murine model experimentally infected with S. Typhimurium.…”

“…At the histological level, S. cerevisiae 905 conferred protection to intestine and liver tissues, decreased inflammatory foci in liver, and promoted an increase in the number of Kupffer cells after experimental infection with S. Typhimurium (Martins et al, 2005). Recent data demonstrated that this yeast protected against bacterial translocation, preserved gut barrier integrity, and stimulated the immune system in a murine model of intestinal obstruction (Generoso et al, 2010).…”

Probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains as biotherapeutic tools: is there room for improvement?

“…S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 have shown adhesion to some enteropathogenic bacteria, such as E. coli, S. Typhi, and S. Typhimurium (Tiago et al 2012), neutralizing the translocation of the latter from the GIT to the liver, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes (Martins et al 2007). This probiotic yeast increased the production of IL-10 and sIgA in healthy mice (Martins et al 2007;Generoso et al 2010). In a mouse typhoid fever model, S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 reduced both inflammation and IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10 levels, due to modulation of signaling pathways responsible for the expression of many inflammatory cytokines, such as NF-κB, AP-1, and MAPK pathways (Martins et al 2011).…”

“…For instance, probiotic strains could be engineered to express antigens for specific intestinal disorders, such as mucin MUC-1 for colon cancer (Byrd and Bresalier 2004) or adhesion protein intimin for pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 (Gedek 1999;Oliveira et al 2012). S. cerevisiae strains with proven probiotic potential could be used as delivery agents of desired biomolecules: they can better withstand the host temperature of 37°C and stresses found in the GIT (Fietto et al 2004;Martins et al 2005;Van der Aa Kühle et al 2005;Diosma et al 2014;Perricone et al 2014) and present immunomodulatory properties (Martins et al 2007;Czerucka et al 2007;Foligné et al 2010;Generoso et al 2010;Romanin et al 2010;Kourelis et al 2010;Martins et al 2011;Zanello et al 2013;Martins et al 2013;Smith et al 2014;Plaza-Diaz et al 2014). Interestingly, some of the probiotic S. cerevisiae strains elicit different immune responses (Kourelis et al 2010).…”

Intestinal Mucositis Induced by Chemotherapy: an Overview

“…Indeed, oral administration of IgA to patients undergoing chemotherapy has shown promising results in reducing gastrointestinal toxicity [13]. In addition, increased levels of IgA were observed after administrating immunomodulatory nutrients in an obstruction intestinal experimental model [14,15]. In the third phase, increased presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines induces accentuated tissue damage, leading to a vicious circle in which the signal amplification keep on increasing cytokines and oxidative stress levels, resulting in more intense tissue damage and apoptosis.…”