Safe drinking water for rural communities using a low-cost household system. Effects of water matrix and field testing

Pichel, N.; Lubarsky, Helen; Afkhami, Arsalan; Baldasso, Veronica; Botero, Liliana Rocío Botero; Salazar, Juan Carlos; Hincapié, Margarita; Byrne, John; Fernández‐Ibáñez, Pilar

doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102400

Journal of Water Process Engineering

2021

DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102400

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Safe drinking water for rural communities using a low-cost household system. Effects of water matrix and field testing

N. Pichel

Helen Lubarsky

Arsalan Afkhami

et al.

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Cited by 6 publications

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Impact of flocculated and softened particles on UV₂₅₄ inactivation of indigenous spores

Straathof,

Bohrerova,

Hull

2024

AWWA Water Science

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US regulatory ultraviolet (UV) disinfection credit is typically granted when turbidity is ≤1 NTU. However, studies show turbidity does not always correlate well with UV dose responses. This study examined the impact of worst‐case high turbidity scenarios at drinking water treatment plants on UV254 inactivation of indigenous spores from unfiltered source water and unsettled flocculation and softening steps. Flocculated water (turbidity = 6.49–164 NTU) had the lowest dose response with a significantly lower Geeraerd‐tail maximum inactivation rate (kmax = 0.021 cm2/mJ) and higher residual population density (Nres = 7.081 SFU/mL). Raw source water (kmax = 0.027 cm2/mJ, Nres = 1.168 SFU/mL, turbidity = 0.978–215 NTU) and softened water (kmax = 0.030 cm2/mJ, Nres = 0.216 SFU/mL, turbidity = 318–495 NTU) had similar dose responses despite significantly different water quality. Particle size and the degree of particle‐associated spores best explained the differences in dose responses. Almost all spores were associated with flocculated particles instead of free‐floating, which increased tailing and negatively impacted UV inactivation. Based on regulatory reduction equivalent dose bias factors and UV sensitivities of spiked Bacillus subtilis spores, Cryptosporidium would be 4‐log inactivated in these raw, flocculated, or softened waters if UV transmission were ≥65%, 90%, or 80%, respectively, even though turbidity was grossly >1 NTU. Depending on particle characteristics, partial inactivation credit when turbidity is >1 NTU should be considered to avoid high‐tier violations while still protecting public health.

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Impact of flocculated and softened particles on UV₂₅₄ inactivation of indigenous spores

Straathof,

Bohrerova,

Hull

2024

AWWA Water Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Aeromonas hydrophila in surface water and their removal using a POU technology for drinking in rural communities

Botero,

Galeano,

Montoya

et al. 2023

Environmental Advances

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Spatial disparities in household expenditure on safe drinking water in Pakistan: An application of geographically weighted regression

Khan

Sheikh

2023

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

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Safe drinking water for rural communities using a low-cost household system. Effects of water matrix and field testing

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Impact of flocculated and softened particles on UV₂₅₄ inactivation of indigenous spores

Impact of flocculated and softened particles on UV₂₅₄ inactivation of indigenous spores

Aeromonas hydrophila in surface water and their removal using a POU technology for drinking in rural communities

Spatial disparities in household expenditure on safe drinking water in Pakistan: An application of geographically weighted regression

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Safe drinking water for rural communities using a low-cost household system. Effects of water matrix and field testing

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Impact of flocculated and softened particles on UV254 inactivation of indigenous spores

Impact of flocculated and softened particles on UV254 inactivation of indigenous spores

Aeromonas hydrophila in surface water and their removal using a POU technology for drinking in rural communities

Spatial disparities in household expenditure on safe drinking water in Pakistan: An application of geographically weighted regression

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Impact of flocculated and softened particles on UV₂₅₄ inactivation of indigenous spores

Impact of flocculated and softened particles on UV₂₅₄ inactivation of indigenous spores