Safety & efficacy of an intravasal, one-time injectable & non-hormonal male contraceptive (RISUG)

Abstract

Background & objectives:For improved male contraception, a new polymeric drug molecule – Reversible Inhibition of Sperm under Guidance (RISUG) has been synthesized and has been found to be effective, safe and reversible in various animal species. Phase-I and phase-II clinical trials have confirmed its safety and contraceptive efficacy. The present study was undertaken as a multicentric-limited phase-III clinical trial to test the efficacy and safety of RISUG in human volunteers.Methods:One hundred and thirty nine young males each having at least two children and living with wife were given 120 μl of RISUG as bilateral vas intraluminal injection. After the single-dose administration, the individuals were followed in respect of general health and semen parameters. Their wives were also followed particularly to determine onset of pregnancy.Results:During the six month follow up, the health of male volunteers and their wives was normal with no significant adverse effects. Temporary scrotal enlargement and mild scrotal and inguinal region pain were manifested in most individuals and resolved within one month without any routine activity impairment. In six individuals, there was injection procedure failure and azoospermia was not achieved. The other 133 individuals had either severe oligozoospermia or azoospermia at the first semen examination one month following RISUG injection; 82.7 per cent individuals had continued azoospermia in the month following first semen examination onwards and the rest 17.3 per cent manifested azoospermia within three to six months.Interpretation & conclusions:RISUG intravasal injection appears to be a safe clinical procedure with no significant adverse effects and has high sustained contraceptive efficacy. The localized intervention and continued contraceptive action on single-dose administration were significant features of the RISUG technology.

Male Contraception

“…Several clinical trials of RISUG in men in India have been performed. [23][24][25] These studies showed excellent contraceptive efficacy over periods of up to 1 year. However, data on efficacy and reversibility from large-scale clinical trials have not been published, leading to concern about the reversibility of the procedure.…”

RISUG® as a male contraceptive: journey from bench to bedside

“…Few subjects were reported to be lost in follow up due to personal reasons, 0.3% method failure and 0.98% overall failure in efficacy of the drug has been observed [53]. A multi-centric limited Phase III clinical trial of RISUG ® reported no pregnancy among the subjects that received complete dose of RISUG ® and indicated it is an effective and safe male contraceptive with majority of the individuals under study achieving either oligozoospermia or azoospermia within 2 months after injection [56].…”

Methods of contraception for men

“…RISUG is an injectable medicine consisting of a copolymer of maleic anhydride styrene chemically reacted with dimethyl sulfoxide. In studies [22] on 139 men who were given 120 μl of RISUG as bilateral vas intraluminal injection. Six men had a procedure error and did not achieve azoospermia, while the remaining 133 had severe oligospermia or azoospermia.…”