PharmacoeconomicsIn the estimation of the WHO, 422 million adults were living with diabetes in 2014, compared to 108 million in 1980. The global prevalence (age-standardized) of diabetes has nearly doubled since 1980, rising from 4.7% to 8.5% in the adult population.Diabetes caused 1.5 million deaths in 2012. Higher-than-optimal blood glucose level (hyperglycaemia) caused an additional 2.2 million deaths by increasing the risks of cardiovascular and other diseases. A high proportion (43%) of these 3.7 million deaths occurs before the age of 70. This parameter is higher in low-and middle-income countries than in high-income countries [1].The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) predicts that the number of people with diabetes will double by 2025, and the estimated number of people with the disease will have risen to 500 million people by 2030 [2].According to the State Register of Patients with Diabetes, 3,964,889 patients were registered in Russia as of January 1, 2014. Type II diabetes mellitus is more common, it most often occurs in people who are overweight and physically inactive. There are 339,360 people with type I diabetes mellitus, including 20,373 children, 10,038 adolescents, and 308,949 adults, and 3,625,529 patients with type II diabetes, including 409 children, 342 adolescents, and 3,624,778 adults [3].In 2016, the academician I.I. Dedov et al. published the results of their study of the economic burden of diabetes for the RF. According to their paper, the average annual treatment cost per patient with type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was 81.8 thousand rubles, and per patient with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) -70.8 thousand rubles. At that, medical costs for patients with complications of diabetes are 3 times as high as those for patients without complications, while the costs of drug therapy of the primary condition itself account for 26% only in patients with T2DM. Though the majority of T2DM patients were older than 60 years, non-medical and indirect costs accounted for almost 25% of the economic burden: in patients with T1DM, these costs accounted for 35% of the burden. The structure of medical costs depends on the diabetes type: in T1DM costs were mainly associated with the treatment of diabetes, while in T2DM half of medical costs were associated with the treatment of diabetes, and the other half -with the treatment of diabetes complications. Medication costs accounted for 69%, and hospitalization costs -for 22% of medical costs for T1DM patients. The results of regression analysis showed that the strongest predictors of medical costs growth in diabetes were the number of hospitalizations, presence of complications and insulin therapy [4].In spite of the growing demand and a high level of diabetes incidence in Russia, insulin consumption in this country is the lowest among all European countries and accounts for 39 units per citizen. As to other countries, these parameters equal 125 units in Poland, 200 -in Germany and 257 units -in Sweden, respectively [5].