Safety and efficacy of l‐arginine produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli NITE BP‐02186 for all animal species

Abstract

L-Arginine is considered as a non-essential amino acid for most adult mammalian species, but it is classified as essential for birds, fish, possibly reptiles and also for strict carnivores. L-Arginine produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli NITE BP-02186, genetically modified to enhance the production of L-arginine, is intended to be used in feed and water for drinking for all animal species and categories. The product under assessment does not give rise to any safety concern with regard to the genetic modification of the production strain. Its use as a nutritional additive is safe for target species when supplemented to diets in appropriate amounts. The use of L-arginine as a feed flavouring agent is unlikely to pose any concern. No risks are expected for the consumer from the use of the product under assessment as a feed additive. It is not irritant to skin or eyes, nor a skin sensitiser. Although the presence of endotoxin activity is of no concern, the available exposure and toxicological data indicate that the additive may pose a risk to users by inhalation. The use of this additive in animal nutrition does not pose a risk to the environment. The additive is an effective source of arginine for all species. L-Arginine is considered efficacious when used as a flavouring compound in animal nutrition. es-Call J and Wallace RJ, 2018. Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of L-arginine produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli NITE BP-02186 for all animal species. EFSA Journal 2018;16(5):5276, 21 pp. https://doi.

Deep Eutectic Solvents Application in Food Analysis

“…In this way, Huang et al [30] performed a culture with two Gram-positive (S. aureus and L. monocytogenes) and two Gram-negative (E. coli and S. enteritidis) bacteria, which were incubated in a nutrient agar medium with a filter paper soaked with each of the thirteen NADESs they tested to extract rutin from tartary buckwheat hull. It was shown that none of the NADESs led to a decrease in the growth of bacteria with the exception of glycerol:L-arginine NADES, because, despite the fact that the individual components are nontoxic and were approved by the European Food Safety Authority [81,82], there occurs a charge delocalization as a result of a hydrogen bond, which makes the eutectic mixture toxic [83].…”

Safety and efficacy of l‐arginine produced by fermentation with Corynebacterium glutamicum KCCM 80182 for all animal species

“…The EFSA Scientific Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) issued three opinions on the safety and efficacy of L-arginine produced by genetically modified strains of C. glutamicum for all animal species (EFSA, 2007a;EFSA FEEDAP Panel, 2016, 2017a and an opinion on the safety and efficacy of L-arginine produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli NITE BP-02186 for all animal species (EFSA FEEDAP Panel, 2018c). The FEEDAP Panel issued one opinion on the safety and efficacy of the use of amino acids (chemical group 34) when used as flavourings for all animal species (EFSA FEEDAP Panel, 2014).…”

Feed efficiency, nutrient sensing and feeding stimulation in aquaculture: A review

“…Application of phytochemicals that can affect fish health, growth and feed utilization is also spreading as extensive use of antibiotics has encouraged the evolution of resistant bacteria (Chakraborty and Hancz, 2011;Chakraborty et al, 2013). Encarnação (2016) gives an up-to-date summary of feed additives and introduces a new category of feeds called functional feeds for compound aquaculture feeds made with additives for ameliorating the animals' performance and improving intestinal health, stress, and disease resistance.…”