Safety and efficacy of polycaprolactone copolymer nanosphere hydrogel injected into the scalp dermal tissue of rats

Abstract

Plastic surgery has advanced significantly over the past few decades. There is an increasing demand for noninvasive cosmetic plastic surgery because it causes less pain and scarring, speeds recovery, and reduces the incidence of post-surgical complications, such as adhesions and wound rupture. Several noninvasive cosmetic plastic surgery procedures, including botulinum toxin injections, dermal fillers, cog threads, ultrasounds, and lasers, are performed increasingly frequently. For example, the therapeutic range of dermal filler has been gradually expanding as new materials, methods, and applications are continuously being introduced. The materials currently used for dermal fillers include biodegradable hyaluronic acid (HA) and biodegradable collagen stimulators, such as calcium-hydroxyapatite, poly-Llactic acid, and polycaprolactone (PCL). Additionally, nonbiodegradable products such as polymethylmethacrylate are also being used. Biodegradable collagen stimulators are the most recently in

Comparative Morphological Characterization of Skin after Subcutaneous Application of Hyaluronic Acid and Polycaprolactone in Rats: Establishment of an Experimental Model

“…Traditionally, these experimental models inoculate the biomaterials into the dermal layer [17][18][19][20], one of the injection planes used to apply llers. However, for safety purposes, most practitioners in the clinic use blunt cannulas for the injections, making lling at the dermal level impractical.…”