Safety and immunogenicity of three doses of a Neisseria meningitidis A + C diphtheria conjugate vaccine in infants from Niger

Campagne, G.; Garba, Amadou; Fabre, Pascal; Schuchat, Anne; Ryall, Robert; Boulanger, Denis; Bybel, Mike; Carlone, George M.; Briantais, Philippe; Ivanoff, B; Xerri, B.; Chippaux, Jean-Philippe

doi:10.1097/00006454-200002000-00013

Cited by 104 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…By covalent coupling to diphtheria or tetanus toxoid, the polysaccharides of N. meningitidis A and C acquire significantly improved immunogenicity. The meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV) was marketed at the end of 1990s, and was found to be well tolerated and induced long-lasting immunity even in young children and so, even though expensive, was considered to be more suitable for the control of meningitis in countries of the African meningitis belt [54,55]. Multivalent MCV vaccines, using a combination of A, C, Y, and W antigens, are under development.…”

Section: Immunology and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During a clinical trial in Niger, the immune responses of infants to polysaccharides A and C were determined following immunization with either MCV or MPV [54]. Following MCV vaccination, mean antibody titers against serogroup A polysaccharide were significantly higher than against serogroup C polysaccharide (figure 4).…”

Section: Immunology and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further studies are needed, however, to demonstrate the actual impact of large-scale immunizations with MCV on pharyngeal carriage, particularly with regard to the possible induction of capsule antigen mutations that may select for more virulent strains. [54]). The significant decrease of meningitis incidence in non vaccinated people after a campaign of immunization supports the assumption of effective herd immunity even if the reasons remain largely unexplained [31,[61][62][63][64].…”

Section: Immunology and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of meningococcal meningitis outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa

Chippaux

2008

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Outbreaks of Neisseria meningitidis recur frequently in the African Sahel where they are responsible for high mortality and morbidity, especially in children. An effective vaccine has been in existence for more than 30 years, but despite this, the control of epidemics has failed. Moreover, the geographical distribution of N. meningitidis seems to be increasing, perhaps because of climate change but also because of the economic crisis which prevails throughout much of Africa leading to population movements and the breakdown of essential services. Although alarming, the emergence of new serogroups in recent epidemics (such as serogroups X and W135) should not mask the fact that serogroup A remains the most common meningococcal isolate from meningitis cases and is therefore the most significant target for control. The development of a low-cost conjugate meningococcal vaccine should support a strategy of preventive immunization, as this strategy is one that appears most effective to control this plague.

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Section: Immunology and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunology and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunology and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of meningococcal meningitis outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa

Chippaux

2008

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…To improve immunogenicity, conjugates of GAMP have been synthesized (4,6,7,10,19,24). One of two GAMP conjugates, composed of a partially hydrolyzed, size-fractionated oligosaccharide, was less immunologic than GAMP (10,24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of two GAMP conjugates, composed of a partially hydrolyzed, size-fractionated oligosaccharide, was less immunologic than GAMP (10,24). Reports of the other GAMP conjugates provide only limited information on their syntheses and compositions (5)(6)(7).…”

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confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Group A Meningococcal Capsular Polysaccharide Conjugates and Evaluation of Their Immunogenicity in Mice

et al. 2003

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Epidemic and endemic meningitis caused by group A Neisseria meningitidis remains a problem in subSaharan Africa. Although group A meningococcal capsular polysaccharide (GAMP) vaccine confers immunity at all ages, the improved immunogenicity of a conjugate and its compatibility with the World Health Organization's Extended Program on Immunization offers advantages over GAMP alone. Conjugates of GAMP bound to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their immunogenicities in mice. Two methods, involving adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) as a linker, were used. First, ADH was bound to GAMP activated with cyanogen bromide (CNBr) or with 1-cyano-4(dimethylamino)-pyridinium tetrafluoroborate (CDAP) to form GAMP CNBr AH and GAMP CDAP AH. These derivatives were bound to BSA by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) to form GAMP CNBr AH-BSA and GAMP CDAP AH-BSA. Second, ADH was bound to BSA with EDC to form AHBSA. AHBSA was bound to activated GAMP to form GAMP CNBr -AHBSA and GAMP CDAP -AHBSA. The yield of GAMP CDAP -AHBSA (35 to 40%) was higher than those of the other conjugates (5 to 20%). GAMP conjugates elicited immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-GAMP in all mice after three injections of 2.5 or 5.0 g of GAMP: the geometric mean (GM) was highest in recipients of GAMP CDAP -AHBSA (11.40 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay units). Although the difference was not statistically significant, the 5.0-g dose elicited a higher GM IgG anti-GAMP than the 2.5-g dose. Low levels of anti-GAMP were elicited by GAMP alone. GAMP CDAP -AHBSA elicited bactericidal activity roughly proportional to the level of IgG anti-GAMP.

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Current Awareness

2000

Pharmacoepidem. Drug Safe.

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In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety. Each bibliography is divided into 19 sections: 1 Books, Reviews & Symposia; 2 General; 3 Anti‐infective Agents; 4 Cardiovascular System Agents; 5 CNS Depressive Agents; 6 Non‐steroidal Anti‐inflammatory Agents; 7 CNS Agents; 8 Anti‐neoplastic Agents; 9 Haematological Agents; 10 Neuroregulator‐Blocking Agents; 11 Dermatological Agents; 12 Immunosuppressive Agents; 13 Autonomic Agents; 14 Respiratory System Agents; 15 Neuromuscular Agents; 16 Reproductive System Agents; 17 Gastrointestinal System Agents; 18 Anti‐inflammatory Agents ‐ Steroidal; 19 Others. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author. If, in the preceding period, no publications are located relevant to any one of these headings, that section will be omitted.

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Safety and immunogenicity of three doses of a Neisseria meningitidis A + C diphtheria conjugate vaccine in infants from Niger

Abstract: MenD was safe among infants in Niger, and immunization led to significantly greater functional antibody activity than with MenPS. The 4-microg dose of MenD for both the A and C serogroups has been selected for further studies.

Cited by 104 publications

References 20 publications

Control of meningococcal meningitis outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa

Control of meningococcal meningitis outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa

Preparation and Characterization of Group A Meningococcal Capsular Polysaccharide Conjugates and Evaluation of Their Immunogenicity in Mice

Current Awareness

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