Safety assessment of Chlorophytum alismifolium tuber extract (Liliaceae): Acute and sub-acute toxicity studies in Wistar rats

Abubakar, Abdulhakim; Nazifi, Abdullahi Balarabe; Hassan, Fatima; Duke, Kehinde A.; Edoh, Theophillus Danjuma

doi:10.4103/2221-6189.250374

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, some of their phytochemical constituents may exert toxic effects on internal body organs after prolonged use or at high dosages [12][13][14]. In phytotherapy, information on toxicological profile of phytochemicals is critical in determining the biosafety of the natural plant products [15][16]. Hence, the determination of toxicological profile of phytochemicals and their potential deleterious effects on tissues constitute vital aspect of phytoscience.…”

Section: Histopathological Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephropathic Changes in Renal Parenchyma of Wistar Rats Following Sub-chronic Exposure to Methanol Extract of Caladium bicolor (Aiton)

Omotoso

Okojie

Brown

et al. 2020

JABB

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To assess nephropathic potential of Caladium bicolor methanolic extract within the renal parenchyma of experimental Wistar rats. Twenty four albino Wistar rats (weighing between 180-195 g) were divided into four groups which include Group I treated with distilled water (2 ml/kg b.w.), Group II treated with methanolic extract of C. bicolor (100 ml/kg b.w.), Group III treated with methanolic extract of C. bicolor (200 ml/kg b.w.), Group IV treated with methanolic extract of C. bicolor (300 ml/kg b.w.). All administrations were done orally and once daily for a period of thirty five days. Body weight of animals was recorded during days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 of study. After the study period, kidney tissue of study animals was harvested, weighed and processed for histopatho logical study. Staining of renal tissue sections was done using H & E technique, examined under microscope for observable histopathological changes that were scored using image-J software. Results of this study showed that sub-chronic exposure to methanolic extract of C. bicolor caused reduction in body and renal tissue weight. Moreover, exposure to the extract increases significantly (p < 0.05) renal histopatho logical changes including inflammation, necrosis, glomerular congestion and tubular dilatation within the renal parenchyma of study animals. Therefore, methanol extract of C. bicolor exhibited dose-independent nephropathic effect on the renal parenchyma following a sub-chronic exposure in experimental Wistar rats.

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Section: Histopathological Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephropathic Changes in Renal Parenchyma of Wistar Rats Following Sub-chronic Exposure to Methanol Extract of Caladium bicolor (Aiton)

Omotoso

Okojie

Brown

et al. 2020

JABB

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“…The present study of acute toxicity in single dose treatment at 2000 mg/kg concentration of AESKL showed no mortality. Toxic effects of chemicals assist in identifying the variations of body weights (Abubakar et al, 2019). In this research, oral administration of AESKL did not reduce the body weights of the rats implying that it did not exert any deteriorative effect on their growth (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Evaluation of Acute Toxicity Exposure to Aqueous Leaves Extract of Syzygium Kanarense (Talbot) Raizada

Chalannavar

Divakar

Debnath

et al. 2021

J microb biotech food sci

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Syzygium kanarense (Talbot) Raizada (Family: Myrtaceae), a rare plant tested for toxicity in order to explore therapeutic value. In the current study, the preliminary phytochemical screening, in vitro toxicity and acute toxicity of aqueous extract of Syzygium kanarense leaves (AESKL) were evaluated. Phytochemicals were screened and cytotoxicity was confirmed by MTT assay using NIH/3T3 cell line. For acute toxicity evaluation, female rats were divided into two equal groups; one group served as control while the other group received a single dose of AESKL at 2000mg/kg body weight (b.w) were treated and observed for 14 days. AESKL contains phenolics, tannins, terpenoids, saponins and steroids. The result showed the cytotoxicity value of inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 491.56 µg/ml of AESKL. Acute toxicity of AESKL established the Lethal Dose (LD50) more than 2000 mg/kg b.w and no mortality rate was observed. No changes in behavioural, b.w, relative organ weight, haematological, biochemical and histological were observed. Based on the results, it can be conclude that AESKL do not pose any risk when given orally to rats. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on evaluation of in vitro and in vivo toxicity of AESKL.

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“…Additionally, many studies are available with oral administration of compounds closely related to SF1 via oral route for in vivo studies (Husain et al, 2012;Abbas et al, 2010;Masic et al, 2015). Subacute toxicity study was carried out to find out any abnormality in the organs after the repeated administration of the test compound at different dose levels (Abubakar et al, 2019;Anwar et al, 2020). In this study, four doses of SF1 (5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) were selected for the subacute toxicity study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subacute toxicity study was carried out to find out any abnormality in the organs after the repeated administration of the test compound at different dose levels ( Abubakar et al, 2019 ; Anwar et al, 2020 ). In this study, four doses of SF1 (5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) were selected for the subacute toxicity study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Evaluation of the Naphthalen-2-yl 3,5-Dinitrobenzoate: A Drug Candidate for Alzheimer Disease

et al. 2021

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The presented study was designed to probe the toxicity potential of newly identified compound naphthalen-2-yl 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (SF1). Acute, subacute toxicity and teratogenicity studies were performed as per Organization of economic cooperation and development (OECD) 425, 407, and 414 test guidelines, respectively. An oral dose of 2000 mg/kg to rats for acute toxicity. Furthermore, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg doses were administered once daily for 28 days in subacute toxicity study. Teratogenicity study was performed with 40 mg/kg due to its excellent anti-Alzheimer results at this dose. SF1 induced a significant rise in Alkaline Phosphatases (ALP), bilirubin, white blood cells (WBC), and lymphocyte levels with a decrease in platelet count. Furthermore, the reduction in urea, uric acid, and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels and an increase in total protein levels were measured in subacute toxicity. SF1 increased spermatogenesis at 5 and 10 mg/kg doses. Teratogenicity study depicted no resorptions, early abortions, cleft palate, spina bifida and any skeletal abnormalities in the fetuses. Oxidative stress markers (Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) were increased in all the experiments, whereas the effect on melanoaldehyde Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was variable. Histopathology further corroborated these results with no change in the architectures of selected organs. Consequently, a 2000 mg/kg dose of SF1 tends to induce minor liver dysfunction along with immunomodulation, and it is well below its LD50. Moreover, it can be safely used in pregnancy owing to its no detectable teratogenicity.

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Safety assessment of Chlorophytum alismifolium tuber extract (Liliaceae): Acute and sub-acute toxicity studies in Wistar rats

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Nephropathic Changes in Renal Parenchyma of Wistar Rats Following Sub-chronic Exposure to Methanol Extract of Caladium bicolor (Aiton)

Nephropathic Changes in Renal Parenchyma of Wistar Rats Following Sub-chronic Exposure to Methanol Extract of Caladium bicolor (Aiton)

Evaluation of Acute Toxicity Exposure to Aqueous Leaves Extract of Syzygium Kanarense (Talbot) Raizada

Toxicity Evaluation of the Naphthalen-2-yl 3,5-Dinitrobenzoate: A Drug Candidate for Alzheimer Disease

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