Safety assessment of marigold flavonoids from marigold inflorescence residue

Wu, Di; Wu, Juanjuan; Cheng, Xinying; Qian, Jianrui; Du, Ruiliang; Tang, Shusheng; Lian, Yunhe; Qiao, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.115520

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Bone marrow micronucleus test: The in vivo bone marrow micronucleus test in mice was conducted according to a previously described standardized protocol [ 32 ]. A total of 80 SPF ICR mice weighing 25–30 g were divided into 5 groups of 16 (equally distributed by gender).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halicin: A New Horizon in Antibacterial Therapy against Veterinary Pathogens

Wang,

Zhao,

Chen

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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It is crucial to discover novel antimicrobial drugs to combat resistance. This study investigated the antibacterial properties of halicin (SU3327), an AI-identified anti-diabetic drug, against 13 kinds of common clinical pathogens of animal origin, including multidrug-resistant strains. Employing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assessments, halicin demonstrated a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect. Time-killing assays revealed its concentration-dependent bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (E. coli ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (S. aureus ATCC 29213), and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae S6 (APP S6) after 4 h of treatment at concentrations above the MIC. Halicin exhibited longer post-antibiotic effects (PAEs) and sub-MIC effects (PA-SMEs) for E. coli 25922, S. aureus 29213, and APP S6 compared to ceftiofur and ciprofloxacin, the commonly used veterinary antimicrobial agents, indicating sustained antibacterial action. Additionally, the results of consecutive passaging experiments over 40 d at sub-inhibitory concentrations showed that bacteria exhibited difficulty in developing resistance to halicin. Toxicology studies confirmed that halicin exhibited low acute toxicity, being non-mutagenic, non-reproductive-toxic, and non-genotoxic. Blood biochemical results suggested that halicin has no significant impact on hematological parameters, liver function, and kidney function. Furthermore, halicin effectively treated respiratory A. pleuropneumoniae infections in murine models. These results underscore the potential of halicin as a new antibacterial agent with applications against clinically relevant pathogens in veterinary medicine.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halicin: A New Horizon in Antibacterial Therapy against Veterinary Pathogens

Wang,

Zhao,

Chen

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to assess their safety by using standard procedures of trials for the harmless use of herbal drugs and further novel antioxidant development. Marigold flavonoids are significant therapeutic products for herbal medicines and represent further progress in novel antioxidants [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorizations of Marigold Waste for High-Value Products and Their Industrial Importance: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2022

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The municipal authorities in developing nations face serious challenges in marigold flower garbage management. The primary issue is that they never are reused after prayers. Flower waste of Tagetes erecta, T. patula, and Calendula officinalis L. are commonly used for carotenoid and flavonoid extractions and, subsequently, used for incense stick and biogas production. Marigold plants are also used for phytoremediation during their growth stage. The lutein industry is booming due to its increasing market demand, expected to reach ~2121.2 billion tons by 2022, where marigolds are a major contributor globally. The process of isolating lutein from saponified marigold oleoresin yields a product with 70–85% purity. Lutein is a major xanthophyll (70–88%) of marigold petals, and a maximum of 21.23 mg/g of lutein was extracted. This review discusses the properties of selective marigold species, their compositions, and the extraction of different flavonoids and carotenoids, especially lutein. Moreover, different extraction methods of marigold lutein, the collection of marigold waste, and their subsequent utilization to derive several value-added products are discussed. Among physical treatments, ultrasonic-assisted extraction and enzymatic treatment with 5% solids loading were the maximum-yielding methods.

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