Safety assessment of polymeric additives for food packaging: Hydrolysis of polymeric plasticizers by digestive fluids

Hamdani, Mourad; Thil, L.; Gans, Gerhard; Feigenbaum, Alexandre

doi:10.1002/app.2275

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The 1 H NMR spectra of PPA and PEGPA50 are given in Figure 1, together with the corresponding chemical shift assignments. For PPA, all the chemical shift assignments are consistent with those reported by Hamdani et al 39 The signals at 1.65 and 2.35 ppm are attributed to the chemical shifts of the protons in the two middle methylene groups (e) and the two methylene groups linked to the ester bonds (d) in the adipic acid moiety, respectively. The resonance peaks of the methine (a), methyl (b), and methylene (c) protons in the PG unit appear at 5.19 ppm, 1.26−1.23 ppm, and 4.23−4.00 ppm, respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Poly(l-lactide) Materials with Balanced Mechanical Properties Prepared by Blending with PEG-mb-PPA Multiblock Copolymers

2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In this work, PEG-mb-PPA (abbr.: PEGPA) copolymers were synthesized via chain extension/coupling of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(1,2-propylene adipate) (PPA) diols, and blends of commercial poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and PEGPA were prepared via melt blending. The multiblock copolymers were characterized by 1 H NMR and DSC, and the PLLA/PEGPA blends were characterized by DSC, SEM, tensile, and impact testing. Plasticization-dominant (elongation ∼250%), toughening-dominant (impact strength 33 kJ/m 2 ), and plasticized-toughened (250%, 14 kJ/m 2 ) blends were obtained by varying the composition and loading of PEGPA. The PLLA/ PEGPA blends exhibited much more balanced mechanical properties in comparison with PEG-plasticized and PPAtoughened PLLAs, and the plasticization-dominant blends had superior performance stability in comparison with the PEGplasticized PLLA. The SEM micrographs indicate that the immiscible PPA segment formed elongated microphases and acted as a toughener, whereas the miscible PEG segment acted as a plasticizer of PLLA and a compatibilizer of PPA. Such a synergistic effect of both segments was responsible for the balanced mechanical properties. The improved performance stability was attributed to the high molecular weight of the multiblock copolymers and the depressed crystallization of the PEG segment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Poly(l-lactide) Materials with Balanced Mechanical Properties Prepared by Blending with PEG-mb-PPA Multiblock Copolymers

2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…There are five additional chemical shifts centered at 1.25, 1.30, 3.72, 4.10, and 5.11 ppm in the 1 H NMR spectrum of PPF1hr. As indicated in the earlier investigations on PPF 3 and poly(1,2-propylene adipate), 15 those chemical shifts are due to different protons (marked as b′, c′, d′ or b′′, c′′, d′′) adjacent to two different types of chain ends based on different acylations of propylene glycol. These chemical shifts disappeared for higher molecular weight PPF or copolymers, which further confirms the copolymerization of PPF blocks with PCL diols.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Biodegradable and Cross-Linkable Multiblock Copolymer Consisting of Poly(propylene fumarate) and Poly(ε-caprolactone): Synthesis, Characterization, and Physical Properties

et al. 2005

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In an effort to develop various controllable biomaterials, a series of novel cross-linkable and biodegradable multiblock poly(propylene fumarate-co-caprolactone) [P(PF-co-CL)] copolymers have been synthesized via a three-step polycondensation of oligomeric polypropylene fumarate (PPF) with polycaprolactone (PCL) diols. The chemical structures of 15 copolymers with various PCL compositions and segment lengths were further characterized by FTIR, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR spectra. Their physical and rheological properties have been determined extensively. The composition dependences of various characteristic temperatures such as glass transition temperature T g, melting temperature Tm, and thermal degradation temperature Td were demonstrated using a phase diagram. Together with DSC results, polarized optical microscopical graphs of several copolymers with high PCL compositions show spherulite crystalline structure. Particularly a banded spherulite has been found for a copolymer with a PCL composition of 87% when it crystallizes at room temperature. When the PCL composition in these copolymers is lower than 70%, the copolymers are amorphous with a reduced T g. This is critical for an enhanced rate of biodegradation. Because of the flexibility of PCL segments in the copolymers, P(PF-co-CL) can be either self-cross-linked or photocross-linked without using any cross-linker. The unentangled characteristics have been verified by the melt viscosity's molecular weight dependence and the master curves of storage modulus G′ and loss modulus G′′. The introduction of PCL into the copolymer chain enhances the solubility in toluene. Dilute solution viscometry shows the effect of microstructure in intrinsic viscosity while this effect is insignificant in melt viscosity. Therefore, the physical properties of such a copolymer can be modulated by the composition and segment length to satisfy the needs in a variety of tissue engineering applications such as bone, cartilage, and nerve tube regenerations.

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“…These substances are evaluated by the Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) before their inclusion on the positive list. The evaluations are based on toxicological studies (Hamdani and others 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Polyfunctional Amines and Related Compounds Used as Monomers and Additives in Food Packaging Materials: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

Paseiro-Cerrato¹,

Quirós²,

Sendón³

et al. 2010

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Polyfunctional amines are a group of substances commonly used as additives or monomers in food-contact materials. These substances can migrate into foodstuffs and, consequently, may be potentially dangerous for human health. Due to their different chemical structures and physicochemical properties there does not exist a standard method to analyze polyfunctional amines. This review aims to provide an update on the chromatographic methods used for the determination of polyfunctional amines that are commonly used in the manufacture of food packaging materials. Detailed information regarding chromatographic conditions (mobile phases, chromatographic columns, detection systems, and so on) is provided. Moreover, chemical structures and physicochemical properties of the substances studied are also presented.

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Safety assessment of polymeric additives for food packaging: Hydrolysis of polymeric plasticizers by digestive fluids

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Poly(l-lactide) Materials with Balanced Mechanical Properties Prepared by Blending with PEG-mb-PPA Multiblock Copolymers

Poly(l-lactide) Materials with Balanced Mechanical Properties Prepared by Blending with PEG-mb-PPA Multiblock Copolymers

A Biodegradable and Cross-Linkable Multiblock Copolymer Consisting of Poly(propylene fumarate) and Poly(ε-caprolactone): Synthesis, Characterization, and Physical Properties

Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Polyfunctional Amines and Related Compounds Used as Monomers and Additives in Food Packaging Materials: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

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