Safety assessment of the calcium-binding protein, apoaequorin, expressed by Escherichia coli

Moran, Daniel L.; Tetteh, Afua O.; Goodman, Richard E.; Underwood, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.04.004

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Results suggest the in silico assessment support that this protein is not a known allergen or likely to cross react with known allergens and exhibits a digestibility profile similar to other nonallergic dietary proteins. 12 Previous work reported in a 90-day subchronic oral gavage toxicity test, at dose levels of 92.6, 462.9, and 926.0 mg/kg/ day (corresponding to 66.7, 333.3, and 666.7 mg/kg/day of apoaequorin), demonstrated that this protein has no toxicity by oral exposure in Sprague-Dawley rodents. Administration of lyophilized apoaequorin protein powder (LAPP) at levels up to 926.0 mg/kg/day did not cause adverse effects in male and female rats with a NOAEL of apoaequorin protein established at 666.7 mg/kg/day, the highest dose tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Subchronic toxicity of lyophilized apoaequorin protein powder in Sprague-Dawley rats

Bauter

Mendes

2018

Toxicology Research and Application

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Apoaequorin is a bioluminescent calcium-binding apoprotein endogenous to the Aequorea species of jellyfish and is commercially available in a dietary supplement in support of brain and cognitive health. Results from a previous 90-day subchronic oral gavage study established the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of lyophilized apoaequorin protein powder (LAPP) at 666.7 mg/kg/day. The current 90-day oral gavage study in Sprague-Dawley rats administered dose levels of 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg/day of test substance as received. These doses are expressed as milligram of supplement with the amounts of apoaequorin based on the analysis of the percentage of active ingredient. The corresponding amounts of apoaequorin protein are 603, 1206, and 2412 mg/kg/day. These dose levels target approximately 4221, 8442, and 16,844 times more than the expected human oral intake. There were no mortalities, clinical observations, ophthalmological, clinical pathology, or histopathological changes attributable to LAPP administration. Changes in mean body weight and feed efficiency, without other correlating clinical or pathological or other toxicologically relevant findings, were considered to be of little toxicological significance. Therefore, the NOAEL for LAPP administered orally up to 90 days was 4000 mg/kg/day (2412 mg/kg/day based on 603 mg/g or 60.3% active ingredient, apoaequorin protein), the highest dose tested in male and female rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subchronic toxicity of lyophilized apoaequorin protein powder in Sprague-Dawley rats

Bauter

Mendes

2018

Toxicology Research and Application

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“…In addition to this potential utilization, jellyfish are extremely rich in secondary metabolites that could find interesting applications in biotechnological fields [ 23 ]. Recently, a commercial product named Prevagen ® , a dietary supplement containing apoaequorin, a protein extracted from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria, has been demonstrated to bind calcium in the brain, improving the electrical signals between nerve cells and contributing to prevent dementia and Alzheimer’s disease [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Compounds of Nutraceutical Value from Fishery and Aquaculture Discards

Mutalipassi

Esposito

Ruocco

et al. 2021

Foods

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Seafood by-products, produced by a range of different organisms, such as fishes, shellfishes, squids, and bivalves, are usually discarded as wastes, despite their possible use for innovative formulations of functional foods. Considering that “wastes” of industrial processing represent up to 75% of the whole organisms, the loss of profit may be coupled with the loss of ecological sustainability, due to the scarce recycling of natural resources. Fish head, viscera, skin, bones, scales, as well as exoskeletons, pens, ink, and clam shells can be considered as useful wastes, in various weight percentages, according to the considered species and taxa. Besides several protein sources, still underexploited, the most interesting applications of fisheries and aquaculture by-products are foreseen in the biotechnological field. In fact, by-products obtained from marine sources may supply bioactive molecules, such as collagen, peptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant compounds, and chitin, as well as catalysts in biodiesel synthesis. In addition, those sources can be processed via chemical procedures, enzymatic and fermentation technologies, and chemical modifications, to obtain compounds with antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and anti-coagulant effects. Here, we review the main discards from fishery and aquaculture practices and analyse several bioactive compounds isolated from seafood by-products. In particular, we focus on the possible valorisation of seafood and their by-products, which represent a source of biomolecules, useful for the sustainable production of high-value nutraceutical compounds in our circular economy era.

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Nutraceuticals for Cognitive Dysfunction

Gupta

Doss

Srivastava³

et al. 2019

Nutraceuticals in Veterinary Medicine

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Safety assessment of the calcium-binding protein, apoaequorin, expressed by Escherichia coli

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Subchronic toxicity of lyophilized apoaequorin protein powder in Sprague-Dawley rats

Subchronic toxicity of lyophilized apoaequorin protein powder in Sprague-Dawley rats

Bioactive Compounds of Nutraceutical Value from Fishery and Aquaculture Discards

Nutraceuticals for Cognitive Dysfunction

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