Safety Assurance of Open Adaptive Systems – A Survey

Trapp, Mario; Schneider, Daniel

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08915-7_11

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…For example Trapp and Schneider (2014) have built on top of Rushby's suggestions and they suggest different possible approaches, where the traditional safety engineering is increasingly transferred to runtime for increased flexibility at the cost of increased complexity. The simplest case is the so called safety certificate at runtime-approach, where subsystems check for assumptions and demands for safe integration.…”

Section: Safety Of Open Adaptive Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

System-theoretic process analysis for safety analysis of cooperative material handling machinery – Concept and initial experiences

Kivelä¹,

Furmans²

2020

Proceedings of the International Seminar on Safety and Security of Autonomous Vessels (ISSAV) and European STAMP Workshop and C

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In material handling and logistics, there's a trend towards increasingly adaptable and flexible approaches on all system levels: from the supply chain and logistic network level down to the factory and warehouse floors. Recent examples of increasingly flexible material handling technologies on the floor level are autonomously navigating automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and plug-and-work material handling systems, the first allowing adaptable material flow systems with minimal fixed infrastructure, the latter allowing the user to easily re-configure steady conveyor systems on demand. In the field of safety engineering, there has recently been research towards safety assurance of open adaptive systems (OAS) with frameworks such as runtime certification as potential enabler for these novel systems. In this work, we seek to combine recent concepts from the safety engineering community with traditional and advanced technologies from the area of material handling machinery to enable the next step in operational flexibility in this application area. We suggest potential application use cases which would be enabled by the use of dynamic safety contracts: safely cooperating material handling machinery. Compared to machinery with traditional, fixed interfaces, the machine-to-machine cooperation will increase the complexity of the required safety-related control systems and software, which will in turn require new approaches for the risk assessment and safety engineering of these types of systems. We suggest the use of STPA for safety-driven design of cooperative material handling machinery. We discuss one novel application concept, AGV-Storage crane cooperative handover, in detail and present initial results of STPA analysis for the application.

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Section: Safety Of Open Adaptive Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

System-theoretic process analysis for safety analysis of cooperative material handling machinery – Concept and initial experiences

Kivelä¹,

Furmans²

2020

Proceedings of the International Seminar on Safety and Security of Autonomous Vessels (ISSAV) and European STAMP Workshop and C

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“…Due to the potential capability to reduce the uncertainties, model@run.time methods are attracting more and more attention. The survey [ 191 ] introduced the model@run.time methods for open adaptive systems (OAS) and analyzed the state-of-the-art safety assurance solutions and challenges of model@run.time. The model@run.time methods were classified into four types: safetycertificates@run.time, safetycases@run.time, V&V model@run.time, and hazard analysis and risk assessment@run.time, where safetycase@run.time is a formalized, modular safety case, which can be interpreted and adapted at runtime.…”

Section: The Safety Of Self-adaptation Strategies and The Dependabmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mario et al argued that “safetycases@run.time appears to be sufficient to support the assurance of a wide range of application scenarios of Open Adaptive Systems (OAS) in safety-critical applications” [ 191 ]. However, in our point of view, safetycases@run.time is not enough to guarantee the safety of SCPS.…”

Section: The Safety Of Self-adaptation Strategies and The Dependabmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, compared to OAS, SCPS has larger scale and more critical constraints on real-time use. Model@run.time of SCPS should not only consider the all challenges that OAS have to face (as seen in the Section 6.2 of the survey [ 191 ]), but also the real-time constraints, especially the performance of interpretation.…”

Section: The Safety Of Self-adaptation Strategies and The Dependabmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Comprehensive Technological Survey on the Dependable Self-Management CPS: From Self-Adaptive Architecture to Self-Management Strategies

Zhou

Zuo

Hou

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) has been a popular research area in the last decade. The dependability of CPS is still a critical issue, and few surveys have been published in this domain. CPS is a dynamic complex system, which involves various multidisciplinary technologies. To avoid human errors and to simplify management, self-management CPS (SCPS) is a wise choice. To achieve dependable self-management, systematic solutions are necessary to verify the design and to guarantee the safety of self-adaptation decisions, as well as to maintain the health of SCPS. This survey first recalls the concepts of dependability, and proposes a generic environment-in-loop processing flow of self-management CPS, and then analyzes the error sources and challenges of self-management through the formal feedback flow. Focusing on reducing the complexity, we first survey the self-adaptive architecture approaches and applied dependability means, then we introduce a hybrid multi-role self-adaptive architecture, and discuss the supporting technologies for dependable self-management at the architecture level. Focus on dependable environment-centered adaptation, we investigate the verification and validation (V&V) methods for making safe self-adaptation decision and the solutions for processing decision dependably. For system-centered adaptation, the comprehensive self-healing methods are summarized. Finally, we analyze the missing pieces of the technology puzzle and the future directions. In this survey, the technical trends for dependable CPS design and maintenance are discussed, an all-in-one solution is proposed to integrate these technologies and build a dependable organic SCPS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive survey on dependable SCPS building and evaluation.

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“…Models@Run.Time [5] provides a particularly interesting basis for self-adaptation as it makes adaptations tangible and explicit, which is of utmost importance for safety assurance. In previous work, we therefore introduced the idea of safety models at runtime (SM@RT), which can be used to assure the safety of adaptive systems [2,4,10].…”

Section: Safety Models At <>mentioning

confidence: 99%

B-space: dynamic management and assurance of open systems of systems

Schneider

Trapp

2018

J Internet Serv Appl

Self Cite

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Connected cars, freely configurable operating rooms, or autonomous harvesting fleets: dynamically emerging open systems of systems will shape a new generation of systems opening up a vast potential for new kinds of applications. In light of the hard-to-predict structure and behavior of such systems, assuring their safety will require some disruptive changes of established safety paradigms. Combining current research results from different disciplines with industrial experience, this paper dares to think out of the box and look beyond the limits of traditional safety assurance. It structures upcoming challenges posed by the emergence of open systems of systems, tries to shift existing paradigms to meet those new challenges, and proposes an abstract conceptual framework building on comprehensive interlinked multi-concern runtime models for dynamically assuring the safety as well as other properties of open systems of systems. As there currently is no comprehensive realization of the framework, we discuss what kind of approaches could fit into which parts of the framework and exemplify this for the case of conditional safety certificates.

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Safety Assurance of Open Adaptive Systems – A Survey

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

System-theoretic process analysis for safety analysis of cooperative material handling machinery – Concept and initial experiences

System-theoretic process analysis for safety analysis of cooperative material handling machinery – Concept and initial experiences

A Comprehensive Technological Survey on the Dependable Self-Management CPS: From Self-Adaptive Architecture to Self-Management Strategies

B-space: dynamic management and assurance of open systems of systems

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